Surgery of the GI tract and its complications

Question 1

Upper GI tract

Answer 1

Oesophagus, stomach gall bladder, pancreas

Question 2

Lower GI

Answer 2

Small bowel, colon, rectum

Question 3

What is an oesophagectomy

Answer 3

Removal of the oesophagus attaching the stomach straight to the top of the oesophagus

Used for oesophageal cancers

Question 4

What is Nissan fun duplication and why is it pefromed

Answer 4

Fundus wrapped around the top of stomach

Used for GORD

Question 5

Cholecsyectomy

Answer 5

Removal of the gallbladder

DO NOT cut CBD

Question 6

What is a pancreatectomy and what are its complications

Answer 6

Can cause diabetes (if tail removed)
Must give CREON after removing part that produces enzymes (head)
Sometimes whole pancreas removed (only chance of survival in pancreatic cancer)

Question 7

Stomas can be temporary or permanent, give examples of each

Answer 7

Temp - eg. emergency surgery for perforated bowel, too inflamed at the time to join but can reverse stoma in a few months after healing

Permanent - chrons, UC

Question 8

What complications can arise from GI surgery

Answer 8

Wound infection 
Anastomotic leak 
Paralytic ileus 
Bleeding/haematoma formation 
Short gut syndrome
adhesions - scar on inside
scars