Surgery

Question 1

Intussusception- epidemiology, causes

Answer 1

Telescopic invagination of the bowel

Males > females 3:1

Question 2

Intussusception symptoms & investigations

Answer 2

Abdominal ultrasound almost 100% sensitive

Question 3

Prune belly syndrome- incidence, Sx & Rx

Answer 3

Rare 1/40,000
95% male

Sx:
- Abdominal muscle deficiency
- Malrotation
- Bilat cryptorchidism
- Renal tract abnormalities: dilatation, large bladder, urachal diverticulum
- 50% MSK abnormalities, 10% cardiac

Rx: abdominoplasty, bilateral orchiopexy, and the treatment of urinary abnormalities at 1yr

Most die

Question 4

Compare branchial cleft remnant, cystic hygroma and thyroglossal cyst.

Answer 4

Thyroglossal cyst- most common >30%
- Midline mass
- Movement on swallowing/tongue protrusion
- Often become infected

Branchial remnants – 30% - Lateral neck mass
- Unilateral > bilateral
- Can drain into open surface or pharynx

Cystic hygroma - dilated lymphatics
- Soft compressible mass
- 66% from birth
- Posterior triangle, L>R