Derm Flashcards
Dx this rash?
Pityriasis Alba
- 1 to 20 patches or thin plaques.
- Most on face- cheeks and chin.
- Round, oval or irregular shape.
- Minimal itch
Dx this rash?
Pityriasis versicolour
- Fungal rash
- Rx: Selsun
Dx this rash?
Vitiligo
Acquired depigmenting disorder- loss of melanocytes - Well-defined patches, confetti like
Small patches or macules are sometimes described as confetti-like.
Vitiligo also favours sites of injury (cuts, scrapes, acne, thermal burns and sunburn). This is called the Koebner phenomenon.
Dx this rash?
Vitiligo
Acquired depigmenting disorder- loss of melanocytes - Well-defined patches, confetti like
- Koebner phenomenon: favours sites of injury
Dx this rash?
Tinea corporis
- Itchy
- Inflamed & erythematous
- +/- pustular
Diagnosis & management?
Haemangioma
Increases in size and resolves first year of life
1. Uncomplicated/localised- active monitoring/topical therapies (BB- superficial with cosmetic concern, steroids - small/deep)
- High risk/complicated (large, segmental, facial risking disfigurement/scarring) = propanolol (Cx= shock, bradycardia, asthma, prem)
- Steroids second line
- Vincristine/IFNa (inhibits angiogenesis)
PHACE syndrome- features
Posterior fossa brain malformations
Haemangiomas, particularly large, segmental facial lesions
Arterial anomalies
Cardiac (heart) anomalies and coarctation of the aorta/septal defects
Eye abnormalities and Endocrine abnormalities
Dx & patho?
Milia
- Keratin containing cysts
- 50% of babies
- Spont res
Dx & patho?
Erythema toxicum
- Erythematous macules with papules- contain eosinophils
- Can evolve into staph infection
How many mites are initially present in scabies infection?
10-15
Features of SJS/TENs
Cytotoxic T-cells (CD8+) attack epithelial cells in mucosa and epidermis, release perforin/granzymes, IFN-y/TNF-a = cell death, dehydration, infection
Exudative erosions of lips, oral mucosa, eyes, genital mucosa; targetoid papulovesicles of skin, skin sloughing, and skin pain
Histo: vacuolar interface dermatitis or epidermal necrosis
Drugs:
- Bactrim
- CBZ, phenytoin
- NSAIDS (meloxicam)
- Allopurinol
Can occur days-months after drug exposure
Features of DRESS
Features of staph scalded skin syndrome
Toxin mediated rash caused by staph
Cleavage of desmoglein 1 (anchor keratinocytes to one another)
- Blisters in areas of stress
- Pressure = seperation of epidermis (Nikolskys sign)
Add clindamycin
Features of EB
Skin fragility and blister formation from minor trauma
EB simplex
- keratin, intraepiderma
Junctional EB
- laminar, laminin mutations
Dystrophic EB
- subepidermal
- collagen mutations
Kindler syndrome
Features of incontinentia pigmenti
X-linked dominant (lethal to males)
IKBKG/NEMO
Staged cutaneous eruption
Variable developmental abnormalities involving the teeth, hair, and nails
Ocular and neurologic abnormalities