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Nutrition Semester 2 > **suppsinpractice > Flashcards

**suppsinpractice Flashcards

1
Q

which supps contain animal protein

A 
glucosamine
chondroitin
fish oil
gelatin caps
glandular
digestive enzymes
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2
Q

are herbs food or medicine status is uk

A

medicine under EU

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3
Q

what allergens must be labelled

A 
cereals containing gluten
crustaceans
eggs
fish
peanuts
soybeans
milk
nuts
celery
mustard
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4
Q

whole food sups regulated as what

A

food not supp

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5
Q

what must fish & omega 3 oils be to minimise oxidation

A

cold pressed

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6
Q

why should whey protein be filtered

A

to remove lactose

hormones

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7
Q

why are chewable tablets usually not good

A

coated with palm oil and hydrogenated

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8
Q

acacia gum

A

ok

gives form

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9
Q

anthicyanidins

A

ok
purple colour
antioxidant

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10
Q

ascorbic acid

A

preservative

antioxidant

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11
Q

ascorbic palmitate

A

antioxidant
C + palmitic acid
ok

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12
Q

carboxymethylcellulose

A

plant thickener

ok

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13
Q

ethyl cellulose

A

ok

binder

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14
Q

maltodextrin

A

ok

binder

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15
Q

hydroxypropylmethylcellulose

HPMC

A

ok

makes/coats veg capsules

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16
Q

lithothamnion calconea

A

filler
seaweed
ok

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17
Q

microcrystalline cellulose

A

ok

bulking agent

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18
Q

silicon dioxide

A

ok

absorbs moisture

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19
Q

vegetable stearic acid

A

ok

anti-caking agent

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20
Q

glycerol monostearate

A

caution

coating

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21
Q

glycerol triacetate

A

caution

coating

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22
Q

oyster shell

A

binder

caution - veggie/allergy

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23
Q

sorbitol

A

sweetener

caution GIT

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24
Q

tapioca

A

binder
caution
from cassava - goitregenic

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25
Q

Vegetable magnesium stearate

A

caution

flow agent

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26
Q

anthem gum

A

caution

emulsifier

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27
Q

Zein protein coating

A

caution

corn derivative - GMO?

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28
Q

guar gum

A

bad

forbidden on SCD

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29
Q

carrageenan gum

A

bad
thickener
GIT upset

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30
Q

cellulose acetate phalate

A

enteric coating
bad
carcinogen

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31
Q

diethyl phthalate

A

enteric coating

bad

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32
Q

sodium benzoate

A

anti fungal/bacterial

bad

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33
Q

B17

A

cyanide

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34
Q

when to take fat & water soluble vits

A

with food

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35
Q

when to take B vits

A

all am

B6 at nighht

36
Q

when to take a/as

A

with carbs/empty stomach

37
Q

when to take minerals

A

with food

need sufficient HCL for absorption

38
Q

can minerals be synthesised by body or plants

A

no we must all ingest them

39
Q

the pH of what has a big influence on mineral absorption

40
Q

mineral absorption better with low/high pH

A

low - more soluble and in ionic form

41
Q

describe inorganic salts

A

simple mineral compounds
important for electrolyte balance
low absorption

42
Q

ex inorganic salts

A 
phosphates
sulfates
chlorides
carbonates
nitrates
oxides
43
Q

describe organic acid salts

A

based on organic acids
well absorbed
body can also use carrier molecule
natural form

44
Q

ex organic acid salts

A 
ascorbates
acetates
citrates
glycinates
fumerates
picolinates
45
Q

describe amino acid chelates

A

minerals bound to amino acids by a claw
mineral forced to go where a/a goes - many more absorption sites as AAs better absorbed
bypasses competitive absorption interaction with other minerals

46
Q

why are minerals bound to citrates better absorbed

A

req less HCL

47
Q

picolinates - piccolinic acid, a metabolite of

A

tryptophan

48
Q

how/when is calcium best absorbed

A

at night

+ OJ if cheap

49
Q

calcium bisglycinate

A

most bioavailable form

50
Q

calcium citrate

A

easily assimilated

popular choice

51
Q

calcium carbonate

A

cheapest
chalk
needs lots HCL
gas, nausea, constipation

52
Q

calcium ascorbate

A

buffered form C

gentle on GIT

53
Q

calcium pantothenate

A

supp for B5

54
Q

calcium oxalate

A

never use

kidney stones

55
Q

calcium hydroxyapetit

A

bone meal/oyster derivative
don’t use
lead

56
Q

calcium + antacids ^ absorption of

57
Q

calcium citrate malate

A

new patented type
in fortified foods/supps
meant to be best?

58
Q

what is Ca usually given with to ^ serum levels/absorption

59
Q

what 3 things ^ absorption Ca

A

protein
d
lactose

60
Q

what decreases Ca absorption

A 
phytates
oxalates
fibre
EFAs
Mg/Zn
caffeine
phosphorous
61
Q

Mg absorption needs

A

Se
parathyroid hormone
B6
D

62
Q

what decreases Mg absorption

A 
potatoes
fibre
alcohol
^ sat fat
Ca
Ph
63
Q

Mg needed for metabolism of

A 
Ca
K
Ph
Zn
Cu
Fe
N
L:had
Intracellular homeostasis
thiamin activation
64
Q

when is Mg contraindicated

A

renal failure

heart block

65
Q

potassium chloride

A

inorganic

but ^ HCL

66
Q

2 sx hyperkalaemia

A

tachycardia

cardiac arrest - lethal injection

67
Q

what to check before Supp with Fe to avoid hemochromatosis

A

serum ferritin & transferrin

68
Q

ferrous citrate

A

well absorbed

69
Q

ferrous fumerate

A

well absorbed but may inhibit E absorption

70
Q

ferrous sulphate

A

inorganic
could cause nausea, constipation,
lowers E absorption
can take higher doses

71
Q

ferrous bisglycinate

A

chelated
high bioavailability
fewer side effects

72
Q

ferrous citrate

A

well absorbed

good for sensitive GIT

73
Q

what increases absorption of Fe

A

acids & sugars

74
Q

what decreases iron absorption

A 
physic acid
tannins
oxalic acid
Ca
Zn
Mn
rapid transit time
H Pylori
Achloridya
PPIs/antacids
75
Q

adverse reactions to Fe supp

A 
nausea
diarrhoea
constipation
heart burn
upper gastric pain
76
Q

zinc sulphate

A

inorganic

can cause stomach upset

77
Q

what lowers zinc absorption

A 
phytates
Ca
fe
Cu
cadmium
78
Q

high zinc could cause

A

low Cu
nausea
vomiting
diarrhoea

79
Q

buffered forms Vit C
also absorb carrier molecule
gentle on GIT

A

Ca ascorbate
Mg ascorbate
N ascorbate
K ascorbate

80
Q

ascorbic acid

A

cheap C
acidic
harsh

81
Q

retinal palmitate

A

stable supp form Vit A

82
Q

DL alpha tocopherol

A

synthetic E petrochemicals

83
Q

D alpha tocopherol

A

most commonly used E

84
Q

L-selenomethionine

A

Se bonded with methionine
best absorption
occurs naturally

85
Q

bioactive form B6

A

pyridoxal 5 phosphate

86
Q

niacin v niacinamide

A

niacin - cholesterol/triglycerides/raynauds

niacinamide - diabetes/blood glucose control

87
Q

D3 cholecalciferol v D2 ergocalciferol

A

cholecalciferol - active form

ergocalciferol - veg form

Nutrition Semester 2 (18 decks)

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