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Nutrition Semester 2 > **Phytonutrients > Flashcards

**Phytonutrients Flashcards

1
Q

3 for prostate

A

Lycopene
Lignin’s

Phytosterols

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2
Q

3 for hormone balancing

A

Lignans
Isoflavones
Indoles

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3
Q

3 for eyes

A

B Carotene
Astaxanthin
Lutein

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4
Q

1 for lungs (asthma)

A

Quercetin

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5
Q

prostate cancer - anti proliferative

AMD
CVD - cholesterol

A

Lycopene

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6
Q

AMD

Cataracts

A

Lutein

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7
Q

diabetes

^ immunity

A

astaxanthin

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8
Q

AMD

CVD

A

Beta Carotene

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9
Q

Induces Ph 1 & 2 enzymes
liver support/clearing
hormonal support - OCP, HRT, endometriosis

A

Indoles

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10
Q

inhibits Ph 1
Cancer - pancreatic, stomach
inhibits H pylori
^ glutathione

A

isothiocynates

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11
Q

CVD - reduces cholesterol
Doubles effects of statins

BNH - anti-proliferative

A

Phytosterols

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12
Q

Heart health - inhibits platelet aggregation
promotes NO, relaxes arteries

^ male fertility

^ effects of statins

A

resveratrol

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13
Q

antioxidant

anti inflamm

A

cyanidins

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14
Q

menopause - BMD, osteoporosis
lowers hormonal cancer
CVD - lowers cholesterol
prostate cancer

A

Lignans

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15
Q 
increase BMD, blood lipid profile
reduces hot flushes
reduces cancer risk
menopause
CVD cholesterol
bad for thyroid if low iodine
A

Isoflavones

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16
Q

CVD - lowers cholesterol

lowers retinal disease in diabetics

A

Naringin

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17
Q

chemo-protective

CVD - prevents arteriosclerosis

A

Kaempferol

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18
Q

CVD - lowers LDL & BP
anti allergy:
inhibits histamine release
inhibits IgE - asthma

A

quercetin

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19
Q

CVD - lowers LDL

Diabetes - lowers insulin resistance

A

catechins

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20
Q

catechins in

A

green tea

cocoa

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21
Q

2actions catechins

A

CVD - lowers LDL

diabetes - decreases insulin resistance

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22
Q

quercetin in

A

apples

onions

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23
Q

3 actions quercetin

A

CVD - lowers LDL & BP

anti-allergy - inhibits histamine release, IgE reactions, asthma

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24
Q

kaempferol in

A

red wine

apples

25
Q

2 actions kaempferol

A

CVD - prevents atherosclerosis

chemo-protective

26
Q

naringin in

A

grapefruit

tomato paste

27
Q

3 actions neringin

A

CVD - lowers cholesterol
reduces retinal disease in diabetics
increases serum levels of some drugs

28
Q

isoflavones in

A

soybeans
tofu
not soy sauce
not soy oil

29
Q

how are isoflavones phytoestrogenic

A

bind to oestrogen receptors mimicking effects both ways in different tissues

30
Q

when is soy bad for thyroid

A

if person is low iodine

31
Q

why can antibiotics decrease photo-oestrogenic activity of isflavones

A

depend on colonic bacteria

32
Q

3 actions isoflavones

A

menopause -
ups BMD
reduces hot flushes

CVD - improves blood lipid profiles

decreases hormonal cancer risks

33
Q

lignin’s found where

A 
flax seed - not oil
sesame seeds
legumes
pulses
veg
34
Q

why are lignin’s western eq of soy

A

as metabolised to phytoestrogens by colonic bacteria

35
Q

4 actions lignans

A

menopause - BMD
CVD - cholesterol
hormonal cancer
prostate cancer

36
Q

cyanidinsin

A

red purple berries

37
Q

3 actions cyanidins

A

antioxidant
anti inflamm
anti cancer

38
Q

3 types cyanidins

A

cyanidins
proanthocyanidins
anthocyanidins

39
Q

reseveratrol in

A

red grapes
wine
blueberries

a tyrosol ester

40
Q

4 actions resveratrol

A

CVD - anti-platelet, promotes NO; relaxes arteries
^ male fertility
anti cancer- anti-proliferative, pro-apoptosis
^ Cyt P450 - ^ statins

41
Q

phtosterols in

A

avo
nuts
seeds
plant lipids

42
Q

3 actions phytosterols

A

CVD - lowers cholesterol, doubles statins effect
Cancer - pro apoptosis
BPH - antiproliferative

43
Q

isothiocynates in

A

cruciferous veg

sulphur compound

44
Q

isothiocynates products of

A

glucosinolates

45
Q

which enzyme increased absorption of isothiocynates and is activated when chopped/chewed

A

myrosinate

46
Q

4 actions isothiocynates

A

inhibits Ph 1
cancer - esp stomach/pancreatic
inhibits H Pylori
^ glutathione

47
Q

indole 3 carbon made from

A

DIM

Di indole methane

48
Q

4 actions Indole 3 carbinol

A

induces Ph 1 & 2 enzymes
liver support/clearing
hormonal support - OCP/HRT/endometriosis
cancer

49
Q

beta carotene in

A

carrots
S pot
spinach

50
Q

3 actions beta carotene

A

AMD
CVD
Cancer

51
Q

when can B carotene increase cancer/CVD risk

A

in smokers taking supps

52
Q

astaxanthin in

A

algae

crustaceans

53
Q

is astaxanthin pro Vit A

54
Q

2 actions astaxanthin

A

diabetes

^ immunity

55
Q

lutein in

A

kale

spinach

56
Q

2 actions lutein

A

AMD

cataracts

57
Q

3actions lycopene

A

prostate cancer - anti-proliferative

AMD
colesterol

58
Q

lutein in

A

kale spinach

Nutrition Semester 2 (18 decks)

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