Suppositories

Question 1

Solid dosage forms intended for insertion into body ORIFICES refers to what?

Answer 1

Suppositories solid dosage form

Question 2

Suppositories can have what 2 types of effects?

Answer 2

• Local effects

- System effects

Question 3

What percent of RX/OTC products in the U.S. make up suppositories?

Answer 3

0.1%

Question 4

T/F?

Suppositories are preferred for infants or those who CAN take medications orally.

Answer 4

False

CANNOT

Question 5

Name the 3 types of suppositories

Answer 5

Rectal
Vaginal
Urethral

Question 6

Name the supp. type

•typically, 1½”; CYLINDRICAL; tapered; 2 g if cocoa butter base; systemic and local

Answer 6

Rectal

Question 7

Name the supp. type

•PESSARIES; globular, oviform, or cone-shaped; 5 g if cocoa butter base

Answer 7

Vaginal

Question 8

Name the supp. type

•BOUGIES; slender, pencil-shaped; for insertion into male or female urethra (erectile disfunction)

Answer 8

Urethral

Question 9

Advantages of Suppositories (5)

Answer 9

-Not exposed to harsh GI conditions
-Drugs irritating to stomach can be given
-Portal circulation is by-passed
-Convenient when patient unable to swallow
-Effective in cases of vomiting

Question 10

What 2 factors affect suppository absorption?

Answer 10

• Physiology and Physicochemical factors

Question 11

Which factors are describe below?
•COLONIC CONTENT- void= better absorption (enema)
•CIRCULATION ROUTE- 2 veins bypass liver
•PH/BUFFER CAPACITY- needs to be buffered at desired pH

Answer 11

Physiologic Factors

Question 12

Which factors are described below?
•LIPID-WATER SOLUBILITY
• DECREASED PARTICLE SIZE- reduced= increased absorption or BA
•NATURE OF BASE

Answer 12

Physicochemical Factors

Question 13

Name the two types of suppository base.

Answer 13

• Fatty or oleaginous (oily) base

- Water soluble and water-miscible bases

Question 14

Cocoa butter and cocoa butter substitutes are considered what type of suppository base?

Answer 14

Fatty or oleaginous (oily) base

Question 15

GLYCERINATED GELATIN (in urethral suppositories) and POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (PEG greater than or equal to 1000) are considered what type of suppository base?

Answer 15

Water soluble and water-miscible bases

Question 16

Why can a lipophillic drug combined with cocoa butter in a suppository lower the therapeutic effect of the drug?

Answer 16

The affinity between the oleaginous base and the lipophillic drug

Question 17

T/F?

Cocoa butter base is a triglyceride obtained from the roasted seeds of THEOBROMA COCAO

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

Which base is ideal in many ways because it has a m.p. at body temperature but can also show marks of polymorphism. Some drug may also lower its melting point.

Answer 18

Cocoa Butter Base

Question 19

What is it considered when a cocoa butter suppository over heats and converts to a crystal and then converts to stable form over time.

Answer 19

Polymorphism

Question 20

Name the 3 ways in which suppositories can be prepared.

Answer 20

1. Molding from a melt
2. Compression
3. Hand Rolling and Shaping

Question 21

Molding from a melt (4)

Answer 21

• Suppository molds
• lubrication of mold
• calibration of mold
• preparation and pouring of melt

Question 22

T/F?
When preparation and pouring of suppository melt, it should be done over a water bath w/ lease possible heat. The preparation should be stirred while pouring into a chilled mold.

Answer 22

true

Question 23

Density Calculation for Suppository.

Answer 23

Wt. of drug divided by Wt. blank supp. - Wt. of medicated supp. + Wt. of drug

Question 24

__________ suppositories include the following examples suppositories for pain, migraine, or for tranquilizers; or for local action as cathartic or hemorrhoidal suppositories

Answer 24

Rectal

Question 25

What type of rectal suppositories are used for their laxative effect.

Answer 25

glycerin suppositories

Question 26

Urethral Suppository: Alprostadil (4)

Answer 26

• Single use for delivery to male urethra
• Drug suspended in PEG 1450 to form a microsuppository
• Administered by applicator for erectile dysfunction
• Each system is individually foil packaged

Question 27

Which type of suppository is typically used for infections or contraception and is often buffered to an acidic pH?

Answer 27

Vaginal

Question 28

What is replacing vaginal suppositories?

Answer 28

Vaginal tablets/inserts

Question 29

Progesterone suppositories with micronized powder in PEG base often compounded describes what type of suppository?

Answer 29

Vaginal

Question 30

Typically, ____________ suppositories are individually wrapped in foil or plastic or placed in divided cardboard box

Answer 30

cocoa butter

Question 31

____________ suppositories packaged in tightly closed glass containers

Answer 31

Glycerin or glycerinated gelatin

Question 32

T/F?

Suppositories NEED refrigeration.

Answer 32

-FALSE

MAY NEED

Question 33

Examples of local effect suppositories? system?

Answer 33

local: local anesthetics, vasoconstrictors, analgesic
system: sedative or tranquilizers

Question 34

What is a disadvantage of suppositories?

Answer 34

drug absorption may be erratic; not reproducible

Question 35

T/F There is almost no buffering in the rectum.

Answer 35

TRUE

Question 36

Cocoa butter substitues do not have the same problems as cocoa butter such as? (2)

Answer 36

• polymorphism

- rancidity