Suppositories Flashcards
Solid dosage forms intended for insertion into body ORIFICES refers to what?
Suppositories solid dosage form
Suppositories can have what 2 types of effects?
- Local effects
- System effects
What percent of RX/OTC products in the U.S. make up suppositories?
0.1%
T/F?
Suppositories are preferred for infants or those who CAN take medications orally.
False
CANNOT
Name the 3 types of suppositories
Rectal
Vaginal
Urethral
Name the supp. type
•typically, 1½”; CYLINDRICAL; tapered; 2 g if cocoa butter base; systemic and local
Rectal
Name the supp. type
•PESSARIES; globular, oviform, or cone-shaped; 5 g if cocoa butter base
Vaginal
Name the supp. type
•BOUGIES; slender, pencil-shaped; for insertion into male or female urethra (erectile disfunction)
Urethral
Advantages of Suppositories (5)
-Not exposed to harsh GI conditions
-Drugs irritating to stomach can be given
-Portal circulation is by-passed
-Convenient when patient unable to swallow
-Effective in cases of vomiting
What 2 factors affect suppository absorption?
- Physiology and Physicochemical factors
Which factors are describe below?
•COLONIC CONTENT- void= better absorption (enema)
•CIRCULATION ROUTE- 2 veins bypass liver
•PH/BUFFER CAPACITY- needs to be buffered at desired pH
Physiologic Factors
Which factors are described below?
•LIPID-WATER SOLUBILITY
• DECREASED PARTICLE SIZE- reduced= increased absorption or BA
•NATURE OF BASE
Physicochemical Factors
Name the two types of suppository base.
- Fatty or oleaginous (oily) base
- Water soluble and water-miscible bases
Cocoa butter and cocoa butter substitutes are considered what type of suppository base?
Fatty or oleaginous (oily) base
GLYCERINATED GELATIN (in urethral suppositories) and POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (PEG greater than or equal to 1000) are considered what type of suppository base?
Water soluble and water-miscible bases
Why can a lipophillic drug combined with cocoa butter in a suppository lower the therapeutic effect of the drug?
The affinity between the oleaginous base and the lipophillic drug
T/F?
Cocoa butter base is a triglyceride obtained from the roasted seeds of THEOBROMA COCAO
TRUE
Which base is ideal in many ways because it has a m.p. at body temperature but can also show marks of polymorphism. Some drug may also lower its melting point.
Cocoa Butter Base
What is it considered when a cocoa butter suppository over heats and converts to a crystal and then converts to stable form over time.
Polymorphism
Name the 3 ways in which suppositories can be prepared.
- Molding from a melt
- Compression
- Hand Rolling and Shaping
Molding from a melt (4)
- Suppository molds
- lubrication of mold
- calibration of mold
- preparation and pouring of melt
T/F?
When preparation and pouring of suppository melt, it should be done over a water bath w/ lease possible heat. The preparation should be stirred while pouring into a chilled mold.
true
Density Calculation for Suppository.
Wt. of drug divided by Wt. blank supp. - Wt. of medicated supp. + Wt. of drug
__________ suppositories include the following examples suppositories for pain, migraine, or for tranquilizers; or for local action as cathartic or hemorrhoidal suppositories
Rectal
What type of rectal suppositories are used for their laxative effect.
glycerin suppositories
Urethral Suppository: Alprostadil (4)
- Single use for delivery to male urethra
- Drug suspended in PEG 1450 to form a microsuppository
- Administered by applicator for erectile dysfunction
- Each system is individually foil packaged
Which type of suppository is typically used for infections or contraception and is often buffered to an acidic pH?
Vaginal
What is replacing vaginal suppositories?
Vaginal tablets/inserts
Progesterone suppositories with micronized powder in PEG base often compounded describes what type of suppository?
Vaginal
Typically, ____________ suppositories are individually wrapped in foil or plastic or placed in divided cardboard box
cocoa butter
____________ suppositories packaged in tightly closed glass containers
Glycerin or glycerinated gelatin
T/F?
Suppositories NEED refrigeration.
-FALSE
MAY NEED
Examples of local effect suppositories? system?
local: local anesthetics, vasoconstrictors, analgesic
system: sedative or tranquilizers
What is a disadvantage of suppositories?
drug absorption may be erratic; not reproducible
T/F There is almost no buffering in the rectum.
TRUE
Cocoa butter substitues do not have the same problems as cocoa butter such as? (2)
- polymorphism
- rancidity
