Biopharmaceutics

Question 1

drug absorption

Answer 1

movement of drug from the site of administration into the blood

Question 2

bioavailability

Answer 2

RATE and EXTENT to which the active ingredient or moiety is absorbed from a drug product and becomes available at the site of action

Question 3

Biopharmaceutics examines what? (4)

Answer 3

• interrelationship between PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL properties of a DRUG
• PATHOLOGY and normal PHYSIOLOGY of the PATIENT
• DOSAGE FORM in which the drug was given
• route of the dosage on the bioavailability

Question 4

API

Answer 4

active pharmaceutical ingredient

Question 5

T/F Excipients effect the rate or extent of absorption of a drug although they are inactive

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

What types of things are considered when making a drug product design? (7)

Answer 6

• therapeutic objective (rapid action)
• drug
• route of administration
• dosage and regimen
• type of product
• excipients
• manufacturing method

Question 7

T/F The drug DOES NOT have to be in solution to be absorbed

Answer 7

FALSE: MUST

Question 8

Movement of Drugs through the body (3)

Answer 8

Absorption–> Distribution–>Elimination

Question 9

absorption

Answer 9

movement of drug from where it was administered –>through a membrane–>into the blood

Question 10

T/F Metabolites are found in the blood and are usually NOT active

Answer 10

TRUE

Question 11

distribution

Answer 11

drug moves into certain tissues–> cause a pharmacologic effect

Question 12

pharmacologic effect

Answer 12

when drug lands on a receptor

Question 13

T/F The drug that is released after the pharmacologic effect is a different drug chemically than what was administered

Answer 13

FALSE: the same drug

Question 14

elimination

Answer 14

removing the dug from the body

Question 15

excretion

Answer 15

elimination of UNCHANGED drug

Question 16

Most drugs are excreted through the ______

Answer 16

urine

Question 17

metabolism

Answer 17

a CHEMICAL CHANGE in the drug by the body

Question 18

Following extravascular administration, _______ must occur for a ______ effect from the drug

Answer 18

absorption; system

Question 19

extravascular

Answer 19

outside the vascular system (blood vessels)

Question 20

Samples of the _____ are used to determine the amount of drug being absorbed

Answer 20

blood

Question 21

Concentration of Drug in the Blood?

The concentration of the drug will ____, then it will slowly ____ (via tissue sites or elimination)

Answer 21

increase; decrease

Question 22

Why are drug concentrations more often measured in plasma rather than whole blood or serum?

Answer 22

changes in plasma concentration reflect changes in concentrations in other areas of the body

Question 23

Serum vs. Plasma

Answer 23

serum: you allow the blood to clot
plasma: an anticoagulant is added/placed in the blood–>easier to collect

Question 24

Plasma vs. Whole Blood

Answer 24

whole blood: difficult to analyze

plasma blood: easy to analyze

Question 25

MEC abbreviation

Answer 25

minimum effective concentration

Question 26

MEC ...

Answer 26

there has to be a certain concentration of drug in the plasma before you see certain pharmacologic effects

Question 27

MTC abbreviation

Answer 27

minimum toxic concentration

Question 28

MTC .... (2)

Answer 28

- if you exceed this concentration you will begin to see toxicity - side effects are often seen if you exceed this number

Question 29

onset time

Answer 29

time when therapeutic effect begins to be observed

Question 30

duration (2)

Answer 30

- time that drug remains above MEC | - response from drug occurs during this time

Question 31

intensity

Answer 31

related to the number of receptors with which the drug interacts

Question 32

The ______ receptors engaged the higher the intensity

Answer 32

more

Question 33

What are the 3 parameters used to determine bioavailability?

Answer 33

- Cmax - Tmax - AUC (area under the curve)

Question 34

Cmax (2)

Answer 34

- represents one singe dose of the drug | - the max concentration of drug in the plasma

Question 35

Tmax

Answer 35

the length of time from administration to the max concentration is achieved

Question 36

Increasing amount of absorption; AUC ______

Answer 36

increases

Question 37

Increasing amount of absorption; Cmax _____

Answer 37

increases

Question 38

Increasing amount of absorption; Tmax _____

Answer 38

not effected

Question 39

Increasing rate of absorption; AUC _____

Answer 39

not effected

Question 40

Increasing rate of absorption; Cmax _____

Answer 40

increases

Question 41

Increasing rate of absorption; Tmax ______

Answer 41

decreases

Question 42

see graphs

Answer 42

review graphs