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Pharmaceutics Spring 2016 > Biopharmaceutics > Flashcards

Biopharmaceutics Flashcards

1
Q

drug absorption

A

movement of drug from the site of administration into the blood

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2
Q

bioavailability

A

RATE and EXTENT to which the active ingredient or moiety is absorbed from a drug product and becomes available at the site of action

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3
Q

Biopharmaceutics examines what? (4)

A
  • interrelationship between PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL properties of a DRUG
  • PATHOLOGY and normal PHYSIOLOGY of the PATIENT
  • DOSAGE FORM in which the drug was given
  • route of the dosage on the bioavailability
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4
Q

API

A

active pharmaceutical ingredient

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5
Q

T/F Excipients effect the rate or extent of absorption of a drug although they are inactive

A

TRUE

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6
Q

What types of things are considered when making a drug product design? (7)

A
  • therapeutic objective (rapid action)
  • drug
  • route of administration
  • dosage and regimen
  • type of product
  • excipients
  • manufacturing method
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7
Q

T/F The drug DOES NOT have to be in solution to be absorbed

A

FALSE: MUST

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8
Q

Movement of Drugs through the body (3)

A

Absorption–> Distribution–>Elimination

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9
Q

absorption

A

movement of drug from where it was administered –>through a membrane–>into the blood

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10
Q

T/F Metabolites are found in the blood and are usually NOT active

A

TRUE

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11
Q

distribution

A

drug moves into certain tissues–> cause a pharmacologic effect

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12
Q

pharmacologic effect

A

when drug lands on a receptor

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13
Q

T/F The drug that is released after the pharmacologic effect is a different drug chemically than what was administered

A

FALSE: the same drug

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14
Q

elimination

A

removing the dug from the body

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15
Q

excretion

A

elimination of UNCHANGED drug

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16
Q

Most drugs are excreted through the ______

A

urine

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17
Q

metabolism

A

a CHEMICAL CHANGE in the drug by the body

18
Q

Following extravascular administration, _______ must occur for a ______ effect from the drug

A

absorption; system

19
Q

extravascular

A

outside the vascular system (blood vessels)

20
Q

Samples of the _____ are used to determine the amount of drug being absorbed

A

blood

21
Q

Concentration of Drug in the Blood?

The concentration of the drug will ____, then it will slowly ____ (via tissue sites or elimination)

A

increase; decrease

22
Q

Why are drug concentrations more often measured in plasma rather than whole blood or serum?

A

changes in plasma concentration reflect changes in concentrations in other areas of the body

23
Q

Serum vs. Plasma

A

serum: you allow the blood to clot
plasma: an anticoagulant is added/placed in the blood–>easier to collect

24
Q

Plasma vs. Whole Blood

A

whole blood: difficult to analyze

plasma blood: easy to analyze

25
Q

MEC abbreviation

A

minimum effective concentration

26
Q

MEC …

A

there has to be a certain concentration of drug in the plasma before you see certain pharmacologic effects

27
Q

MTC abbreviation

A

minimum toxic concentration

28
Q

MTC …. (2)

A
  • if you exceed this concentration you will begin to see toxicity
  • side effects are often seen if you exceed this number
29
Q

onset time

A

time when therapeutic effect begins to be observed

30
Q

duration (2)

A
  • time that drug remains above MEC

- response from drug occurs during this time

31
Q

intensity

A

related to the number of receptors with which the drug interacts

32
Q

The ______ receptors engaged the higher the intensity

A

more

33
Q

What are the 3 parameters used to determine bioavailability?

A
  • Cmax
  • Tmax
  • AUC (area under the curve)
34
Q

Cmax (2)

A
  • represents one singe dose of the drug

- the max concentration of drug in the plasma

35
Q

Tmax

A

the length of time from administration to the max concentration is achieved

36
Q

Increasing amount of absorption; AUC ______

A

increases

37
Q

Increasing amount of absorption; Cmax _____

A

increases

38
Q

Increasing amount of absorption; Tmax _____

A

not effected

39
Q

Increasing rate of absorption; AUC _____

A

not effected

40
Q

Increasing rate of absorption; Cmax _____

A

increases

41
Q

Increasing rate of absorption; Tmax ______

A

decreases

42
Q

see graphs

A

review graphs

Pharmaceutics Spring 2016 (20 decks)

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