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DOSAGE > SUPPOSITORIES > Flashcards

SUPPOSITORIES Flashcards

1
Q
  • Solid dosage form in which one or more API’s are** dispersed** in a suitable base and molded into a suitable shape
  • Are solid dosage forms intended for insertion into the body orifices where they melt, soften, or dissolve and exert localized or systemic effects
A

SUPPOSITORIES

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2
Q

Suppositories used for nausea and vomiting

A

ONDANSETRON SUPPOSITORY

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3
Q

Suppositories used for nausea, vomiting tranquilizers

A

PROCHLORPERAZINE SUPP
CHLORPROMAZINE SUPP

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4
Q

Suppositories used for opioid analgesic

A

OXYMORPHONE SUPP

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5
Q

Suppositories used for Migraine

A

ERGOTAMINE TARTRATE SUPP

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6
Q

Suppositories used for NSAID

A

HYDROCORTISONE SUPP
MESALAMINE SUPP

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7
Q

Suppositories used for Analgesic-antipyretic

A

OPIGESIC SUPP

PARACETAMOL

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8
Q

Physiologic Factors affecting absorption of drugs from rectal suppositories

inside the body

A

circulation route
colonic contents
ph & lack of buffering capacity of the rectal fluids

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9
Q

Physicochemical Factors affecting absorption of drugs from rectal suppositories

product that you are preparing

A

lipid water solubility
particle size
nature of the base

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10
Q
  • Drugs absorbed in the rectum bypass the first pass effect in the liver instead of being absorbed into the general circulation
  • Lower hemorrhoidal veins surrounding the colon receive the absorbed drug and initiate its circulation throughout the body, bypassing the liver
A

CIRCULATION ROUTE

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11
Q

receive the absorbed drug and initiate its circulation throughout the body, bypassing the liver.

A

LOWER HEMORRHOIDAL VEINS

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12
Q

also assists in the absorption of rectally administered drugs

A

LYMPHATIC CIRCULATION

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13
Q

Rectal fluids are essentially neutral in pH (7.2-7.4) and have no effective buffer capacity, the form in which the drug is administered will not generally be chemically changed by the rectal environment

A

pH & lack of buffering capacity

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14
Q

Rectal fluids are essentially ____ in pH

A

NEUTRAL

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15
Q

pH of rectal fluids

A

7.2 - 7.4

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16
Q
  • It is more effective for a drug to absorbed systematically in an empty rectum than from one that is distended with fecal
  • Diarrhea, tissue dehydration can influence the rate and degree of absorption at the rectal site
A

COLONIC CONTENT

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17
Q
  • a lipophilic drug that is distributed in a fatty suppository base in low concentration has less of a tendency to escape to the surrounding aqueous fluid than does a hydrophilic substances in a fatty base.
  • the more drug a base contains, the more drug will be available for absorption
A

LIPID WATER SOLUBILITY

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18
Q
  • Smaller particle size the more readily the dissolution of the particle and the greater chance for rapid absorption
  • It is preferable to avoid a too fine particle size because of the high increase of the viscosity of the melted excipient that can result from the use of excessively small particles and possible difficulties in flow during production
A

PARTICLE SIZE

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19
Q
  • Base must be capable of melting, softening or dissolving to release its absorption
  • If the base interacts with the drug to inhibit its release , drug reaction will be impaired or prevented
  • If the base irritates the mucous membranes of the rectum, it may initiate a colonic response and prompt a bowel movement, eliminating the prospect of complete drug release and absorption
A

NATURE OF THE BASE

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20
Q

Most frequently used for rectal suppositories

A

FATTY BASE

oleaginous

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21
Q

3 classification of bases

A

FATTY OR OLEAGINOUS BASE
WATER SOLUBLE OR WATER MISCIBLE BASE
MISCELLANEOUS BASE

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22
Q

Mixture of oleaginous and Water soluble and water miscible

A

MISCELLANEOUS BASE

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23
Q
  • Theobroma cacao
  • Melts at 30-36°C
  • Ideal rectal suppository base
  • Disadvantage: bec of triglyceruide exhibit polymorphism=> crystals
  • Must be slowly and evenly melted in water bath to avoid crystallization
  • Phenol and chloral hydrate-lowers melting pt
  • Cetyl esters wax (20%) or beeswax (4%) (product will not solidify anymore)
A

COCOA BUTTER

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24
Q

most commonly used fatty or oleaginous base

A

COCOA BUTTER

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25
Q
  • triglycerides of saturated fatty acids (lauric acid)
  • triglycerites of saturated fatty acids C12-C18 with varied portion of corresponding partial glycerides)
A

WITEPSOL BASES

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26
Q

Triglycerides derived from coconut oil

A

WECOBES BASES

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27
Q

Commercially available triglycerides from palm, palm kernel, and coconut oils with self emulsifying glyceryl monostearate and polyoxyl stearate

28
Q
  • Most frequently used in the preparation of vaginal suppositories
  • Gelatin (20%) glycerin (70%) Medication (10%)
  • Tends to absorb moisture, has dehydrating effect and irritates tissue upon insertion (moist prior to insertion)
A

GLYCERINATED GELATIN BASE

29
Q

components of glycerinated gelatin base

A

Gelatin (20%)
glycerin (70%)
Medication (10%)

30
Q

Gelatin (60%)
glycerin (20%)
Medication (20%)

A

URETHRAL SUPPOSITORIES

31
Q
  • are polymers of ethylene oxide and water prepared to various chain lengths, molecular weighs and physical state.
  • Having average molecular weights of 300, 400 and 600 clear, colorless liquids, while those with molecular weighs of 600-1000 are semisolids
  • Do not melt at body temperature but rather dissolved slowly in the body’s fluid
  • Do not leak from orifices
A

PEG SUPPOSITORIES

32
Q

oldest and simplest method, by rolling the suppository into the desired shape. The mass is then rolled into a cylindrical rod of desire length and diameter

A

MOLDING FROM A MELT

33
Q

cold mass of the base containing the drug is compressed into suppositories by using compression into the desired shape

A

COMPRESSION

34
Q

If Glycerinated gelatin will be used as the base. The mold should be lubricated with ______

A

MINERAL OIL

35
Q

If suppositories are stored in extreme dryness it may lose ____ and become

A

LOSE MOISTURE
BECOME BRITTLE

36
Q

If suppositories are stored in high humidity it will absorb moisture and tends to become ____

37
Q

Cocoa butter should be stored inside the ____

A

REFRIGIRATOR

38
Q

Glycerinated gelatin should be placed in ____

A

CONTROLLED ROOM TEMPERATURE

39
Q

PEG should be placed in ____

A

USUAL ROOM TEMPERATURE

40
Q

A single-use medicated transurethral system for the delivery of alprostadil to the male urethra
* Treatment of Erectile dysfunction

41
Q
  • Adv: easy to manufacture; more stable; less messy
  • Usually ovoid packed with inserter
  • Prepared by tablet compression
  • Lactose - filler/diluent
  • Starch - disintegrant
  • Polyvinylpyrrolidone - Dispersing agent
  • Magnesium Stearate - lubricant
A

VAGINAL INSERTS

42
Q

more preferred than vaginal suppositories

A

VAGINAL INSERTS / VAGINAL TABLET

43
Q
  • Administering topical drugs
  • Cylindrical in shape ranging from 5 to 25g
  • Packed in an applicator tube for topical administration and the applicator can be adjusted to continually exposed new fresh sticks
    How to prepare:
  • Same as preparing supp except that melt is poured into the administering device or tube
  • Local anesthetics, sunscreens, oncology products, antiviral and antibiotics
A

MEDICATION STICKS

44
Q

Opaque bases inclues

A

WAXES
OILS
PEGS

45
Q

Clear bases included

A

SODIUM STEARATE
GLYCERIN

46
Q

SIZE

Rectal (adult)

A

32mm (1.5 in)

47
Q

SIZE

Rectal (infant and children)

48
Q

SIZE

URETHRAL MALE

49
Q

other name for vaginal suppositories

50
Q

other name for urethral male supp

51
Q

WEIGHT

Rectal (adult)

52
Q

WEIGHT

Rectal (infant and children)

53
Q

WEIGHT

Vaginal

54
Q

WEIGHT

Urethral Male

55
Q

long, cylindrical, one or both ends tapered

A

RECTAL ADULT

56
Q

pencil-like shape

A

RECTAL INFANT & CHILDREN

57
Q

globular, oviform, or cone shape

58
Q

slender, pencil-shaped

A

URETHRAL MALE & FEMALE

59
Q

SIZE

Urethral Female

60
Q

WEIGHT

URETHRAL MALE

61
Q

WEIGHT

URETHRAL FEMALE

62
Q

Latin name for suppositories

63
Q

supponere means

A

TO PLACE UNDER

64
Q

avoiding the breakdown of certain drugs that are susceptible to

A

GASTRIC DEGRADATION

65
Q

the ____ of the rectum and vagina permits the absorption of many soluble drugs

A

MUCOUS MEMBRANE

DOSAGE (19 decks)

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