Superior Limb Myology Flashcards
What are the 7 groups of Skeletal Muscles
1) Muscles of the head
2) Muscles of the neck
3) Muscles of the back
4) Muscles of the Thorax
5) Muscles of the abdomen
6) Muscles of the superior limb
7) Muscles of the inferior limb
What are the 6 subgroups of the Supeior Limb Muscles
1) Muscles of the shoulder and scapula
2) Anterior muscles of the brachium
3) Posterior muscles of the brachium
4) Anterior muscles of the antebrachium
5) Posterior muscels of the antebrachium
6) Muscles of the manus
What are the 7 Muscles of the shoulder and scapula
1) Supraspinatus Muscle
2) Infraspinatus Muscle
3) Teres Minor Muscle
4) Teres major Muscle
5) Subscapularis Muscle
6) Deltoideus Muscle
7) Coracobrachialis Muscle
What are the 4 Muscles of the rotary cuff?
1) Supraspinatus muscle
2) Infraspinatus Muscle
3) Teres minor Muscle
4) Subscapularis muscle
* *SITS**
Supraspinatus Muscle
O: Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
I: Greater tubercle of the humerus
A: Abduct limb at shoulder joint
Infraspinatus Muscle
O: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
I: greater tubercle of the humerus
A: Extend the shoulder joint, **Rotate brachium laterally
Teres Minor Muscle
O: Lateral border of the scapula
I: Greater tubercle of the humerus
A: Adduct the superior limb at the shoulder joint, **Rotate brachium laterally
Teres Major Muscle
O: Inferior angle of the scapula
I: Medial border of the intertubercular groove of the humerous
A: Extend the shoulder joint, **Adduct the superior limb @ the shoulder joint, **Roatate brachium medially
Subscapularis Muscle
O: Subscapular fossa
I: Lesser tubercle of the humerus
A: Rotate brachium medially
Deltoideus Muscle
O: Acromial extremity of the clavicle, **Acromion of the scapula **Spine of the scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
A: Flex and extend shoulder joint, **roatate brachium medially and laterally, **Adbuct superior limb at shoulder joint
Coracobrachialis Muscle
O: Coracoid prosses of the scapula
I: Medial aspect of the body of the humerus
A: Flex the shoulder joint, * adduct superior limb at the shoulder joint.
Name the 3 muscles that insert on the greater tubercle of the humerus
1) Supraspinatus Muscle
2) Infra spinatus Muscle
3) Teres Minor Muscle
What 2 muscles abduct the superiorlimb at the shoulder joint?
1) Supraspinatus Muscle
2) Deltoideus Muscle
What 3 muscles adduct the superiorlimb at the shoulder joint?
1) Teres Minor Muscle
2) Teres Major Muscle
3) Coracobrachialis Muscle
What 4 muscles extend the shoulder joint?
1) Infraspinatus Muscle
2) Teres Major Muscle
3) Deltoideus Muscle
4) Long Head of Triceps brachii Muscle
What 3 muscles flex the shoulder joint?
1) Deltoideus Muscle
2) Coracobbrachialis Muscle
3) Bicepts Brachii Muscle (both Long and Short head)
What 3 muscles roatate the brachium Laterally
1) Infraspinatus Muscle
2) Teres Minor Muscle
3) Deltoideus Muscle
What 3 muscles roatate the brachium Medially
1) Teres Major Muscle
2) subscapularis Muscle
3) Deltoideus Muscle
What are the 3 muscles and 1 aponerurosis of the anterior Brachium
1) Brachii Muscle (both Long and Short Head)
2) Brachialis Muscle
3) Brachioradialis Muscle
* * Bicipital aponerurosis**
Long Head of Biceps Brachii Muscle
O: Neck of the scapula
I: Radial Tuberosity
A: Flex elbow Joint, *Flex shoulder joint, and *Supinate antebrachium
Short Head of Biceps Brachii Muscle
O: Coracoid process of the scapula
I: Radial Tuberosity
A: Flex elbow joint, *Flex shoulder joint, * and supinate the antebrachium
Bicipital Aponerurosis
O: Diverges medially from the main tendon
I: Blends into the deep antebrachial fascia
Brachialis Muscle
O: Anterior aspect of the body of the humerus
I: Coronoid process of ulna
A: Flex elbow joint
Brachioradialis Muscle
O: Lateral supracondylar crest of humerus
I: Base of the styloid process of radius
A: Flex elbow joint, Supinate antebrachium, and Pronate antebrachium
What are the 2 muscles of the Posterior Brachium
1) Triceps Brachii Muscle (Long, Medial, Lateral heads)
2) Anconeus Muscle.
Long Head Triceps Brachii Muscle
O: Lateral Boarder of the scapula
I: Olecranon of the ulna
A: Extend the elbow joint, Extend the shoulder joint, and Adduct superior limb at the shoulder joint.
Medial Head of the Triceps Brachii Muscle
O:Medial and posteior aspects of humerus
I: Olecranon of the ulna
A: Extend the elbow joint.
Lateral Head of the Triceps Brachii Muscle
O: Lateral and posterior aspects of humerus
I: Olecranon of the ulna
A: Extend the elbow joint.
Anconeus Muscle
O: Lateral Epicondyle of the humerus
I: Olecranon and adjacent body of the ulna
A: Extend the elbow joint.
What are the Intrinsic muscles of the Manus
1) Thenar Muscles
2) Intermediat Muscles
3) Hypothenar Muscles
What are the 9 Muscles of the posterior Antebrachium, and 1 Retinaculum
1) Extensor Carpi radialis Longus Muscle
2) Extensor Carpi radialis Brevis Muscle
3) Abductor Pollicis Longus Muscle
4) Extensor Pollicis Brevis Muscle
5) Extensor Pollicis Longus Muscle
6) Digital Extensor Muscle
7) Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle
8) Extensor Digiti Minimi Muscle
9) Extensor Indicis Muscle
* Carpal Extensor Retinaculum*
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Muscle
O: Lateral Supracondylar crest of the humerus
I: Dorsal Aspect of Base of the second metacarpal bone
A: Extend the carpal joint, Abduct Manus at carpal joint
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Muscle
O: Lateral Epicondyle of the humerus
I: Dorsal Aspect of Base of the third metacarpal bone
A: Extend the carpal Joint, Abduct Manus at the carpal joint
Abductor Pollicis Longus Muscle
O: Posterior aspects of radial and ulnar bodies
I: Lateral side of base of first metacarpal bone
A: Abduct the thumb at carpometacarpal joint of the thumb, extend digital joints of thumb
Extensor Pollicis Brevis Muscle
O: Posterior aspect of body of radius
I: Dorsal surface of proximal phalanx of the thumb.
A: Extend metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb, abduct thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint.
Extensor Pollicis Longus Muscle
O: Posterior aspect of body of ulna
I: Dorsal aspect of distal phalanx of the thumb.
A: Extend digital joints of thumb, abduct thumb at its metocarpophalangeal joint.
Digital Extensor Muscle
O: Lateral epicondyle of the Humerus
I: Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
A: Extend the carpal joint. Extedn joints of digits 2-5
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle
O: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, Proximal posterior aspect of the body of ulna
I: Base of the fifth metacarpal bone
A: Extend the carpal joint, Adduct the manus at the carpal joint
Extensor Digiti Minimi Muscle
O: Lateral Epicondyle of the humerus
I: Fuses with tendon of digital extonsor distributed to the fifth digit and attaches to proximal phalanx
A: Extend carpal joint, Extend digital joints of fifth digit.
Extensor Indicis Muscle
O: Posterior aspect of the body of ulna
I: Dorsal aspect of the proximal phalanx of the index finger
A: Extend second metacarpophalangeal joint
WHat are the 6 muscles that originate on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus
1) Anconeus Muscle
2) Extensor carpi radialis Brevis Muscle
3) Digital Extensor Muscle
4) Extensor Digiti Minimi Muscle
5) Extensor carpi Ulnaris Muscle
6) Supinator Muscle
What are the 5 muscles that extend the carpal Joint
1) Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle
2) Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle
3) Digital extensor muscle
4) Extensor digiti minimi Muscle
5) Extensor carpi ulnaris Muscle
What are the 3 muscle that abduct the manus at the carpal joint
Flexor carpi radialis Muscle
Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle
Extensor carpi radialis brevis Muscle
What are the 2 muscles that adduct the manus at the carpal joint
Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle
What are the 9 muscles and retinaculum of the Anterior antebrachium
1) Palmaris Longus Muscle
2) Flexor carpi radialis muscle
3) Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
4) Superficial digital flexor muscle
5) Deep digital flexor Muscle
6) Flexor pollicis longus muscle
7) Supinator Muscle
8) Pronator teres Muscle
9) Pronator quadratus Muscle
Palmaris Longus Muscle
O: Medial Epicondyle of the humerus
I: Carpal flexor retinaculum, Carpal ligament, Palmar aponerurosis
A: Flex the carpal Joint
Flexor carpi radialis Muscle
O: Medial Epicondyle of the humerus
I: Anterior aspect of the base of the second and third metacarpal bones
A: Flex carpal Joint, Abduct manus at the carpal joint
Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
O: Medial epicondyle of the humerus, (Ulnar head, olecranon and body of the ulna)
A: Flex carpal joint, adduct manus @ carpal joint
Superficial Digital flexor muscle
O: Medial epicondyle of the humerus, coronoid process of the ulna, and proximal aspect of radius
I: Middle phalanges of digits 2-5
A: Flex carpal Joint, Flex metocarpophalangeal joint, Flex proximal interphalangeal joints
Deep digital Flexor Muscle
O: Proxiaml aspect of ulna
I: Base of dital phalanges of digits 2-5
A: Flex carpal and digital joints
Flexor pollicis Longus Muscle
O: Anterior aspect of radial body
I: Distal phalanx of pollex
A: Flex digital joints of pollex
Supinator Muscle
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Body of the radius
A: Supinate the manus
Pronator teres Muscle
O: Medial epicondyle of humerus, medial side of coronoid process of ulna
I: Lateral side of middle aspect of body of radius
A: Pronate manus
Pronator quadratus Muscle
O: Distal, anterior aspect of body of ulna
I: Distal anterior aspect of body of radius
A: Pronate Manus
What 5 muscles originate at the medial epicondyle of humerus
1) Flexor carpi radialis Muscle
2) Palmaris longus Muscle
3) Superficial digital flexor muscle
4) Flexor carpi ulnaris Muscle
5) Pronator teres Muscle
WHat 5 muscles flex the carpal joint
1) Flexor carpi radialis Muscle
2) Palmaris Longus Muscle
3) Superficial Digital flexor Muscle
4) Deep digital flexor Muscle
5) Flexor carpi ulnaris Muscle
WHat 3 muscles Supinate the Manus
Biceps brachii Muscle
Brachioradialis Muscle
Supinator Muscle
What 3 muscles Pronate the manus
brachioradialis Muscle
Pronator teres Muscle
Pronator quadratus Muscle
The contractile portion (which contains the skeletal muscle tissue) of a muscle?
Belly of the muscle
The connective tissue proper band or sheet, which joins the belly to other structures
Tendon of the muscle
Where do tendons attach?
Usually to bones, but in some cases they attach to cartilages, to other muscles, or in the case of sphincter muscles to themselves.
A tendon at the proximal or more fixed end of a muscle is
The origin of that muscle
A tendon at the distal or more mobile end of a muscle belly is>
The Insertion of the muscle
Tendons that are band-like or cord-like in general structure are simply called tendons, but if they are broadened or flattened into sheet-like configurations they are called?
Aponeuroses
The outer part of the belly is a connective tissue proper ensheathment called?
Epimysium
Thin septae from the epimysium invade the belly to divide it up into bundles (groups) of skeletal muscle cells called?
Muscle fascicles
The ensheathments that seperate the muscle fascicles
Perimysium
Delicate investments of c.t. proper around individual muscle cells are called
Endomysium
Sometimes muscle bellies or tendons are “cushioned” from underlying bony prominences by?
Synovial Bursae
A synovial bursa that completely encircles a tendon is called?
Synovial tendon sheath
A few muscles have tiny bones embedded into one side of their tendons, these bones are called?
Sesamoid Bones
The connective tissue proper “glue” of the body, that binds skin to underlying structures, and attaches bellies of adjacent muscles together. And also serves as an avenue of penetration for nerves and blood vessels.
Fascia
Tendons are held in place by bands of connective tissue proper, that cross them perpendicularly.
Retinacula
What are the 3 subgroups of the intrinsic muscles of the manus?
Thenar Muscles
Hypothenar Muscles
Intermediate muscle
The bulbous, fleshy enlargement proximal to the thumb is made up of which muscle group>?
Thenar Muscles
4 muscles that make the bulbous enlargement proximal to the little finger are?
Hypothenar Muscles
The muscle that lie between the thenar and hypothenar muscles?
Intermediate muscles
The loss of ability to contract is called
Paralysis
Muscles that do not contract will undergo rapid?>
Disuese atrophy.
Deep bruising
Contusion
Muscle injury from over stretching a muscle belly
Strain
Tendon over streching
Sprain
A benign tumor involving muscle tissue is called
Myoma
And if the benign tumer involves muscle tissue that is striated (skeletal muscle tissue or cardiac muscle tissue) is
rhabdomyoma
