Superficial Triangle and Cervical Viscera Flashcards
three key landmarks of the neck
greater cornu of hyoid bone (upper neck)
6th cervical vertebra (lower neck)
anterior scalene m
platysma m
contraction increases compartment size of the neck reliving venous pressure
inn by cervical branch of the fascial n
sternocleidomastoid m (SMC)
inn by spinal accessory n
actions - rotation (unilateral), flexion and extension (bilateral)
posterior (lateral) triangle of the neck
external jugular v
spinal accessory n (XI)
superficial branches of the Cervical Plexus
inferior (root) of the neck
external jugular v (EJV)
formed by post. auricular and retromandibular v
drains into subclavian v
spinal accessory n (XI)
important to keep during radical neck surgery
inn SCM and trapezius mm
Lesser occipital n
superficial branches of the cervical plexus
supplies GSA fibers to the posterolateral aspect of head
Great auricular n
superficial branches of the cervical plexus
inn the skin of the parotid and mastoid regions
Transverse cervical n
superficial branches of the cervical plexus
inn the skin of ant. neck
Supraclavicular n
superficial branches of the cervical plexus
inn the skin of the upper chest and shoulders
root of the neck
subclavian v phrenic n subclavian a brachial plexus omohyoid m throacic duct (only on L side)
anterior triangle of the neck
carotid triangle
submandibular triangle
submandibular salivary gland
carotid triangle
contains many important nervous and vascular structures
submandibular triangle
landmark - hyoid bone
contains many mm
anterior digastric m
inn by mylohyoid n
posterior digastric m
inn by VII
hypoglossal n is located b/w the inferior border of the posterior digastric and the tip of the hyoid
stylohyoid m
inn by VII
median and parallel to post. digastric m
mylophyoid m
inn by mylohyoid n
form the muscular flood of the oral cavity and submental triangle
geniohyoid m
inn by C1
paramedian and superior to the mylohyoid m
action of suprahyoid m
open the mouth when the hyoid is fixed by the infrahyoid mm
during the second phase of swallowing they elevate the floor of the mouth and tongue
hyoglossus m
inn by XII
retracts tongue
superior salivary nucleus
preganglionic parasympathetic fibers
send info the submandibular ganglion
submandibular ganglion
postganglionic parasympathetic fibers
inn submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
superior cervical ganglion
postganglionic sympathetic fibers
branches form external carotid plexus
facial plexus
on the facial a.
distributes postganglionic sympathetic fibers to the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
muscular triangle
mm group will depress they hyoid, larynx and floor of the mouth, or stabilize the hyoid and larynx
thyroid gland
two lobes connect by isthmus
pyramidal lobe runs superior from isthmus (formed when thyroid migrates from tongue)
RLN located medial to the lobes
parathyroid glands are on post. surface
thyroglossal cyst
remnant of thyroglassal duct
lymph drainage of thyroid gland
paratracheal to pretracheal to deep cervical to venous drainage
parathyroid glands
post. to thyroid
supplied by inferior thyroid a
secrete PTH which is important in Ca homeostasis
trachea
starts at C6
RLN is posterolateral
tracheotomy
cut through tracheal rings 2-4
replaced by cricothyrotomy
esophagus
post. to trachea ant to C6
surgical access easier from left side
cupula of pleura
portion of the thoracic cavity that extends into the base of the neck
pneumothorax
due to penetrating wounds to the base of the neck that puncture the pleural cavity and or lung collapse
