Autonomic NS of the Head Flashcards
PREganglionic sympathetic fibers
intermediaolateral cell column of thoracolumbar segments T1-L2
POSTganglionic sympathetic neurons
located in ganglion of sympathetic chain
sympathetic NS
inn BV (vasoconstriction), smooth mm, erector pili, sweat glands, and other visceral structures
PREganglionic sympathetic fibers
originate in intermediolateral cells column of the 1st and 2nd thoracic levels
exit spinal cord via the ventral root travel through the white ramus to sympathetic trunk ascend and terminate in one of the cervical sympathetic ganglia
POSTganglionic sympathetic fibers
originate from postganglionic sympathetic neurons located in cervical sympathetic ganglia
forms nerve plexuses on the surface of BV or join w/ cervical or cranial n
inn blood vessels, smooth m, and glands of head and neck
external carotid plexus
POSTganglionic sympathetic fibers
continuous w/ common carotid plexus
inn the glands of the neck
superior cervical ganglion (SCG)
PRE - T1
POST - C1-3, IX-IXX, the pharynx, carotid body and sinus, and the internal carotid n
perivascular plexuses
POST travel along tunica adventitia of the cerebral BV and are named according to a
sympathetic branch to the ciliary ganglion
POST - inn the dilator pupilae and tarsal muscles
deep petrosal n
joins w/ greater petrosal n to make vidian n
POST - palate, nasal cavity, pharynx, orbit and lacrimal gland
carotico-tympanic n
enters tympanic plexus and exits as the lesser petrosal n
POST - lesser petrosal n, foramen ovale, otic ganglion, and auriculotemoral n
supplies parotid gland
middle cervical ganglion
located at C6
POST - C4-6 middle cervical nn,
vertebral ganglion
located at C7
POST - C6 n and the vertebral plexus
cervico-thoracic or stellate ganglion
fusion of inferior vervical and 1st throacic ganglia
PRE - T1
POST - lower cervical and 1st theoracic n, heart, and vertebral and subclavian plexuses
horner’s syndrome
caused by interruption of the cervical sympathetic trunk, transection of the spinal cord above the level of T1, hemisection of the spinal cord above T1
signs and symptoms of horner’s syndrome
slight ptosis
pupillary constriction
anhidrosis and blushing
enophthalmos
ANS to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
inermediolateral cell column (SYMP)
PRE - intermediolateral cell column (T1-L2)
POST - cervical sympathetic ganglion to external carotid plexus, facial plexus to the gland
ANS to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
superior salivatory nucleus (PARASYMP)
PRE - superior salivatory nucleus in chorda tympani n merges with lingual n to submandibular ganglion
POST - submandibular ganglion to gland
ANS to parotid gland
intermediolateral cell column (T1-L2) (SYMP)
PRE - intermediolateral cell column to superior cervical ganglion
POST - internal carotid n, internal carotid plexus, carotico-tympanic n, tympanic plexus, lesser petrossal n, auriculotemporal n, to the parotid gland
ANS to parotid gland
inferior salivatory nucleus (PARASYMP)
PRE- inferior salvatory nucleus, lesser petrosal n branch of glossopharyngeal n, otic ganglion
POST - otic ganglion - auriculotemporal branches of the trigeminal n to the parotid gland
ANS to the lacrimal gland intermediolateral cell column (T1-L2) (SYMP)
PRE - intermdiolateral cell column to superior cervical ganglion
POST - internal carotid n to internal carotid plexus to deep petrosal n w/ greater petrosal n to make vidian n to lacrimal gland
ANS to lacrimal gland superior salivatory nucleus (PARASYMP)
PRE - superior salivatory nucleus to greater petrosal n to vidian n to spenopalatine ganglion
POST - sphenopalatine ganglion to lacrimal gland
