Autonomic NS of the Head

Question 1

PREganglionic sympathetic fibers

Answer 1

intermediaolateral cell column of thoracolumbar segments T1-L2

Question 2

POSTganglionic sympathetic neurons

Answer 2

located in ganglion of sympathetic chain

Question 3

sympathetic NS

Answer 3

inn BV (vasoconstriction), smooth mm, erector pili, sweat glands, and other visceral structures

Question 4

PREganglionic sympathetic fibers

Answer 4

originate in intermediolateral cells column of the 1st and 2nd thoracic levels
exit spinal cord via the ventral root travel through the white ramus to sympathetic trunk ascend and terminate in one of the cervical sympathetic ganglia

Question 5

POSTganglionic sympathetic fibers

Answer 5

originate from postganglionic sympathetic neurons located in cervical sympathetic ganglia
forms nerve plexuses on the surface of BV or join w/ cervical or cranial n
inn blood vessels, smooth m, and glands of head and neck

Question 6

external carotid plexus

Answer 6

POSTganglionic sympathetic fibers
continuous w/ common carotid plexus
inn the glands of the neck

Question 7

superior cervical ganglion (SCG)

Answer 7

PRE - T1

POST - C1-3, IX-IXX, the pharynx, carotid body and sinus, and the internal carotid n

Question 8

perivascular plexuses

Answer 8

POST travel along tunica adventitia of the cerebral BV and are named according to a

Question 9

sympathetic branch to the ciliary ganglion

Answer 9

POST - inn the dilator pupilae and tarsal muscles

Question 10

deep petrosal n

Answer 10

joins w/ greater petrosal n to make vidian n

POST - palate, nasal cavity, pharynx, orbit and lacrimal gland

Question 11

carotico-tympanic n

Answer 11

enters tympanic plexus and exits as the lesser petrosal n
POST - lesser petrosal n, foramen ovale, otic ganglion, and auriculotemoral n
supplies parotid gland

Question 12

middle cervical ganglion

Answer 12

located at C6

POST - C4-6 middle cervical nn,

Question 13

vertebral ganglion

Answer 13

located at C7

POST - C6 n and the vertebral plexus

Question 14

cervico-thoracic or stellate ganglion

Answer 14

fusion of inferior vervical and 1st throacic ganglia
PRE - T1
POST - lower cervical and 1st theoracic n, heart, and vertebral and subclavian plexuses

Question 15

horner’s syndrome

Answer 15

caused by interruption of the cervical sympathetic trunk, transection of the spinal cord above the level of T1, hemisection of the spinal cord above T1

Question 16

signs and symptoms of horner’s syndrome

Answer 16

slight ptosis
pupillary constriction
anhidrosis and blushing
enophthalmos

Question 17

ANS to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

inermediolateral cell column (SYMP)

Answer 17

PRE - intermediolateral cell column (T1-L2)

POST - cervical sympathetic ganglion to external carotid plexus, facial plexus to the gland

Question 18

ANS to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

superior salivatory nucleus (PARASYMP)

Answer 18

PRE - superior salivatory nucleus in chorda tympani n merges with lingual n to submandibular ganglion
POST - submandibular ganglion to gland

Question 19

ANS to parotid gland

intermediolateral cell column (T1-L2) (SYMP)

Answer 19

PRE - intermediolateral cell column to superior cervical ganglion
POST - internal carotid n, internal carotid plexus, carotico-tympanic n, tympanic plexus, lesser petrossal n, auriculotemporal n, to the parotid gland

Question 20

ANS to parotid gland

inferior salivatory nucleus (PARASYMP)

Answer 20

PRE- inferior salvatory nucleus, lesser petrosal n branch of glossopharyngeal n, otic ganglion
POST - otic ganglion - auriculotemporal branches of the trigeminal n to the parotid gland

Question 21

ANS to the lacrimal gland intermediolateral cell column (T1-L2) (SYMP)

Answer 21

PRE - intermdiolateral cell column to superior cervical ganglion
POST - internal carotid n to internal carotid plexus to deep petrosal n w/ greater petrosal n to make vidian n to lacrimal gland

Question 22

ANS to lacrimal gland superior salivatory nucleus (PARASYMP)

Answer 22

PRE - superior salivatory nucleus to greater petrosal n to vidian n to spenopalatine ganglion
POST - sphenopalatine ganglion to lacrimal gland