Pharynx Flashcards
oral phase
mastication
oropharyngeal phase
involves the elevation of the floor of the mouth and tongue in order to push the bolus into the oropharynx
paryngo-esophageal phase
oropharynx elevates and constricts around the bolus and propels it down the esophagus
location of epiglottis in infants
superior almost in contact w/ soft palate
allows babies to eat and breath at the same time
will descend within the 1st year of life
nasopharynx
post to nasal cavity
communicates with nasal cavity via choanae
communicates with oropharynx via pharyngeal isthmus
oropharynx
behind the oral cavity
communicates w/ nasopharynx via the pharyngeal isthmus
communicates w/ oral cavity via faucial isthmus
laryngopharynx
post to the larynx
communicates w/ larynx via laryngeal aditus
piriform recesses
post and lateral to the arytenoid cartilages in the laryngopharynx
inn by internal laryngeal n and superior laryngeal a
layers of pharyngeal wall (inside out)
mucosa submucosa pharyngobasilar fascia inner elevators of the pharynx pharyngeal constrictor mm buccopharyngeal fascia
stylopharyngeus m
inn by cranial n IX
elevates pharynx
salpingopharyngeus m
forms mucosal ridge - salpinopharyngeal fold
elevates pharynx
superior constrictor m
attached to pterygomandibular raphe
middle constrictor m
attached to hyoid and pharyngeal raphe
inferior constrictor m
horizontal mm fibers make up cricopharyngeus m which is used during pharyngeal speech
buccopharyngeal fascia
covers the outer surface of the buccinator mm and pharynx
pharyngeal plexus is embedded in the portion of the fascia covering the middle constrictor
retropharyngeal space
infections can spread from either skull or mediastinum via this space
surgical fusion of cervical vertebrae occur in this space
pharyngeal plexus
receives sensory form the pharyngeal branch of the glossopharyngeal n
receives motor fibers from the pharyngeal branch of the vagus n
gag reflex
glossopharyngeal n - sensory
vagus n - motor response
in by 9 out by 10
arytenoid cartilages
phonation - rotate along vertical axis to control tension of the vocal cords
respiration - slide laterally to open the rima glottidis
valleculae epiglottica
b/w tongue and epiglottis
location of blade during intubation
cricothyroid joint
increase in pitch
RLN passes post.
thyroid membrane
pierced by the superior laryngeal a and internal laryngeal n
quadrangular membrane
arytenoid to the epiglottic cartilages
posterior cricoartenoid m
only AB of the vocal cords
cricothyroid m
increases the tension on the vocal cords
inn by external laryngeal n of the vagus n
vocalis m
decreases the tension on the vocal ligament
thyroepigottic m
sphincter of the laryngeal aditus
laryngeal expiration reflex
stimulus - aspiration stimulates R in mucosa
afferent - ibSLN inn the R, afferent enter medulla w/ vagus n and terminate in vicinity of nucleus soltaris
efferent - RLN, intercostal, abdominal n control mm
effect - abrupt involuntary expiratory coughing
internal branch of the superior laryngeal n (ibSLN)
chief sensory n to the interior of the larynx
supplies sensory fibers to interior of larynx
involved in cough reflex
laryngeal cough reflex
afferent fibers in ibSLN carry information in
if cut there is no cough stimulated
external branch of the superior laryngeal n
inn the cricothyroid m
recurrent laryngeal n
inn laryngeal mm
fibers originate from the nucleus ambiguus
superior laryngeal n (internal)
chief sensory n to the interior of larynx and piriform recess
superior thyroid a
distributes to interior of the larynx
superior laryngeal n (external)
inn cricothyroid m
external carotid a
supplies lobes of thyroid gland
vagus n
inn all laryngeal mm except cricothyroid
inferior thyroid a
supplies the thyroid gland and parathyroids
