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Anatomy > Superficial back and posterior aspect of shoulder and arm. > Flashcards

Superficial back and posterior aspect of shoulder and arm. Flashcards

1
Q

Name the superficial back muscles (5 muscles).

A

Trapezius muscle, Latissimus dorsi muscle, Rhomboid major muscle, Rhomboid minor muscle, Levator scapula muscle

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2
Q
A

Trapezius Muscle

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3
Q

What’s the origin of the trapezius muscle?

A

superior nuchal line, ext. occipital protuberence, nuchal ligament & spinous process of cervical & thoracic vertebrae

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4
Q

What’s the insertion of the trapezius muscle?

A

superior fibers: clavicle
middle fibers: acromion
inferior fibers: spine of scapula

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5
Q
A

Nuchal ligament

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6
Q

What’s the function of the superior part of the trapezius muscle?

A

pulls the shoulder upwards & towards the midline, if the shoulder is fixed pulls the head towards the shoulder

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7
Q

What’s the function of the middle part of the trapezius muscle?

A

scapula moves towards the midline, insert to acromion

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8
Q

What’s the function of the inferior part of the trapezius muscle?

A

scapula is pulled down, hence rotates the glenoid cavity upwards (hyper abduction)

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9
Q

What is hyperabduction?

A

Abduction more than 90 degree

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10
Q

What nerve passes through the trapezius muscle?

A

Accessory nerve

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11
Q
A

Latissimus dorsi muscle

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12
Q

What’s the origin of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

spinous process of lower 6 thoracic vert., lumbar vert., dorsal surface of sacrum, iliac crest & thoracolumbar fascia (white structure)

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13
Q

What’s the insertion of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

Bicipital groove/ Intertubercular groove

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14
Q

What’s the nerve passing the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

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15
Q

What’s the function of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

extension, adduction & medial rotation of bicep.
Also pulls the trunk upwards

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16
Q
A

Latissimus dorsi muscle

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17
Q
A

Levator scapula muscle

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18
Q

What’s the origin of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

transverse proc. of upper 4 cervical vert.

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19
Q

What’s the insertion of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

superior angle, medial border of scapula

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20
Q

What’s the function of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

elevates the superior angle of scapula, lateral border looks downwards

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21
Q

What nerve passes through the latissimus dorsi muscle?

A

Dorsal scapula nerve

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22
Q

Top muscle

A

Rhomboid minor muscle

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23
Q

What’s the origin of the rhomboid minor muscle?

A

spinous proc. of C7-T1

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24
Q

What’s the insertion of the rhomboid minor muscle?

A

medial border of scapula

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25
Q

What’s the function of the rhomboid minor muscle?

A

moves the scapula to the mid-line, lateral border turns downwards

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26
Q

What’s the nerve passing the rhomboid minor muscle?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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27
Q

What’s the origin of the rhomboid major muscle?

A

spinous proc. of T2-T5

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28
Q

What’s the insertion of the rhomboid major muscle?

A

medial border of scapula

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29
Q

What’s the function of the rhomboid major muscle?

A

moves the scapula to the mid-line, lateral border turns downwards

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30
Q

What’s the nerve passing the rhomboid major muscle?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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31
Q

What does the dorsal scapular nerve pass through?

A

Levator scapular muscle, Rhomboid major and minor muscle.

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32
Q
A

Lumbar triangle

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33
Q

What are the borders of the lumbar triangle?

A

Iliac crest, Latissimus dorsi muscle, and External abdominal oblique muscle

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34
Q

What’s the importance of the lumbar triangle?

A

herniations occasionally occur here & it is of clinical importance

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35
Q
A

Petit Herni

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36
Q
A

Triangle of auscultation

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37
Q

What are the borders of the triangle of auscultation?

A

Inferior fibers of the trapezius,
superior fibers of the latissimus dorsi
inferior fibers of the rhomboid muscles

38
Q

What’s the importance of the triangle of auscultation?

A

Pulmonary examination (listening to lungs)

39
Q

What are the muscles of the shoulder region (6 muscles)?

A

Deltoid muscle, Subscapularis muscle, supraspinatus muscle, infraspinatus muscle, teres major muscle, and teres minor muscle.

40
Q
A

Deltoid muscle

41
Q

What’s the origin of the deltoid muscle?

A

Clavicle, acromion & spine of scapula

42
Q

What’s the insertion of the deltoid muscle?

A

Deltoid tuberosity

43
Q

What’s the nerve passing through the deltoid muscle?

A

Axially nerve

44
Q

What’s the function of the clavicular part (anterior) of the deltoid muscle?

A

Adduction & flexion & medial rotation

45
Q

What’s the function of the acromial part (middle) of the deltoid muscle?

A

Abduction to 90 degree

46
Q

What’s the function of the spinal part of the deltoid muscle?

A

Lateral rotation & Adduction & extension

47
Q
A

Subscapularis muscle

48
Q

What’s the origin of the Subscapularis muscle?

A

Subscapular fossa

49
Q

What’s the insertion of the Subscapularis muscle?

A

Lesser tubercle of humerous

50
Q

What’s the nerve passing the Subscapularis muscle?

A

Subscapular nerve

51
Q

What’s the function of the Subscapularis muscle?

A

Medial rotation, Adduction & extension

52
Q

Top right

A

Infraspinatus muscle

53
Q

What’s the origin of the Infraspinatus muscle?

A

Infraspinatus fossa

54
Q

What’s the insertion of the Infraspinatus muscle?

A

Greater tubercle

55
Q

What’s the nerve passing the Infraspinatus muscle?

A

Suprascapular nerve

56
Q

What’s the function of the Infraspinatus muscle?

A

Lateral rotation, extension & Adduction

57
Q

Top label

A

Supraspinatus muscle

58
Q

What’s the origin of the Supraspinatus muscle?

A

Supraspinatus fossa

59
Q

What’s the insertion of the Supraspinatus muscle

A

Greater tubercle of humerous

60
Q

What’s the nerve passing the Supraspinatus muscle?

A

Suprascapular nerve

61
Q

What does the Suprascapular nerve pass?

A

Supraspinatus muscle and Infraspinatus muscle.

62
Q

What’s the function of the Supraspinatus muscle?

A

iniciates abduction upto 15 degree

63
Q

Talk about the degree of abduction.

A

0-15: Supraspinatus muscle
15-90: Acromial part (middle) of the deltoid muscle.
90- more: Trapezius muscle (hyperabduction)

64
Q

Talk about the degree of abduction.

A

0-15: Supraspinatus muscle
15-90: Acromial part (middle) of the deltoid muscle.
90- more: Trapezius muscle (hyperabduction)

65
Q

Last label

A

Teres minor

66
Q

What’s the origin of the Teres minor?

A

Posterior & lateral border of scapula

67
Q

What’s the insertion of the Teres minor?

A

Greater tubercle

68
Q

What’s the nerve passing through the Teres minor?

A

Axillary nerve

69
Q

What does the axillary nerve pass through?

A

Deltoid muscle and teres minor

70
Q

What’s the function of the teres minor?

A

Lateral rotation, Adduction & extension

71
Q
A

Teres major

72
Q

What’s the origin of Teres major?

A

Inferior angle & posterior aspect of scapula

73
Q

What’s the insertion of Teres major?

A

intertuberclar groove

74
Q

What’s the nerve-passing Teres major?

A

Subscapular nerve

75
Q

What does the Subscapular nerve pass?

A

Subscapularis muscle and teres major

76
Q

What’s the function of the Teres major?

A

Medial rotation, Adduction & extension

77
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

A

Supraspinatus muscle, Infraspinatus muscle, Teres minor, and Subscapularis muscle (attach to shoulder joint)

78
Q

What do the rotator cuff muscles do?

A

-support the shoulder joint
-gives stability by holding the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

79
Q

On posterior aspect of shoulder

A

Tricep brachii muscle

80
Q

What’s the origin of Tricep brachii muscle?

A

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral head: lateral aspect of humerus
Medial head: medial aspect of humerus

81
Q

What’s the insertion of Tricep brachii muscle?

A

Olecranon of the ulna

82
Q

What’s the nerve passing through Tricep brachii muscle?

A

Radial nerve

83
Q

What’s the function of Tricep brachii muscle?

A

extension to forearm & arm, Adduction to the arm

84
Q

What does the Quadrangular space contain?

A

Teres major- Teres minor-long head of triceps & humerus

85
Q

What is the content of the Quadrangular space?

A

Axillary nerve
Posterior circumflex humeral artery

86
Q

What does the Triangular interval contain?

A

Teres major-long head & lateral head (or humerus )of triceps

87
Q

What is the content of the Triangular interval?

A

Radial nerve
Profunda brachii artery

88
Q

What does the Triangular space contain?

A

Teres major- Teres minor-long head of triceps

89
Q

What does the Triangular space contain?

A

Teres major- Teres minor-long head of triceps

90
Q

Blue

A

Triangular space

91
Q

Green

A

Triangular Interva;

92
Q

Red

A

Quadrangular space

Anatomy (17 decks)

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