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Anatomy > Anterior and medial aspects of the thigh > Flashcards

Anterior and medial aspects of the thigh Flashcards

1
Q

Deep fascia of thigh

A

Fascia lata

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2
Q

What does the Iliotibial tract attach to?

A

Laterally thickens
Superiorly attaches to iliac crest
Inferior attaches to Lateral condyle of tibia

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3
Q

Thickening of fasica lata

A

Iliotibial tract

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4
Q

What 2 muscles do the Iliotibial tract intervene?

A

Right: Tensor fasciae latae muscle
Left: Gluteus maximus muscle

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5
Q

At the upper medial aspect of the thigh opening of fascia lata?

A

Saphenous opening

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6
Q

Why is the Saphenous opening present?

A

The great Saphenous vein( superficial) drains into the femoral vein(deeper vein).

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7
Q
A

Blue: femoral vein
White: Fossa ovalis
Yellow: Falciform margin
Green: Great saphenous vein

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8
Q
A

Great saphenous vein

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9
Q

Clinical imp of great saphenous vein

A

Reflected and used as coronary bypass surgery

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10
Q

Clinical imp of great saphenous vein

A

Reflected and used as coronary bypass surgery

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11
Q

Begining and end of great saphenous vein

A

Begin: Dorsum of the foot (drains venous blood from the dorsum of foot)
Runs anterior to medial malleolus
Accompanies a sensory nerve called saphenous nerve.
Ascends on the medial aspect of the thigh.
Passes through the saphenous opening Drains into femoral vein.

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12
Q

Sensory nerve accompanying great saphenous vein

A

Saphenous nerve

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13
Q
A

Small saphenous vein

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14
Q

Beginning and end of Small saphenous vein

A

Begin: dorsum of the foot
runs posterior to lateral malleolus
ascends on posterior aspect of the leg
Accompanies sural nerve( cutaneous nerve)–branch of tibial nerve.
Pierces the popliteal fossa (resemble cubital fossa)
Drains into the popliteal vein.

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15
Q
A

Right: Superficial vein
Middle: Perforating vein
Left: Deep vein

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16
Q

Examples of superficial vein

A

Great saphenous vein, small saphenous vein, cephalic vein, basilic vein

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17
Q

Examples of deep vein

A

Upper extremity: Brachial vein. Axillary vein
Lower extremity: Femoral vein

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18
Q

Connection of the deep and superficial vein.

A

Perforating vein (contain valves)

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19
Q

What does the perforating vein contain?

A

All veins contain one-way valves.
Allows blood to flow toward the heart and prevents blood from flowing in the retrograde direction.

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20
Q

Unfunctining of the perforating vein

A

Varicoses (dilatation of vein)
Superficial vein or deep vein

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21
Q
A

Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle

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22
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle origin

A

anterior superior iliac spine

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23
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle insertion

A

Blends with iliotibial tract

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24
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle nerve

A

Superior Gluteal nerve

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25
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata Muscle function

A

abducts the thigh
Medially rotates the thigh
Streaches the iliotibial tract

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26
Q
A

Sartorius Muscle (longest muscle in the body)(tailors muscle)

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27
Q

Sartorius Muscle origin

A

anterior superior iliac spine

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28
Q

Sartorius Muscle insertion

A

Upper medial aspect of tibia

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29
Q

Sartorius Muscle nerve

A

Femoral nerve

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30
Q

Sartorius Muscle function

A

abducts, flexes and laterally rotates the thigh
Flexes and medially rotates the leg

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31
Q

3 muscles attached to upper medial aspect of tibia

A

Semitendinosus muscle (posterior aspect of thigh)
Sartorius muscle
Gracilis muscle

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32
Q
A

Muscular tripod (attach to same region)
Right: Semitendinosus muscle
Middle:Gracilis muscle
Left: Sartorius muscle

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33
Q

Muscle on anterior aspect of thigh

A

Quadriceps Femoris Muscle

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34
Q
A

1: Rectus femoris
2: Vastusmedialis
3:Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius (reflect Rectus femoris)

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35
Q

Quadriceps Femoris Muscle

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastusmedialis
Vastus intermedius

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36
Q
A

1: Rectus femoris
2: Vastusmedialis
3:Vastus lateralis
4:Vastus intermedius

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37
Q

Tendon and insertion of all Quadriceps Femoris Muscle?

A

Patellar tendon
Tuberosity of tibia

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38
Q

Rectus femoris origin

A

Straight head: anterior inferior iliac spine
Reflected head: Fibrous capsule of the hip joint

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39
Q

Rectus femoris insertion

A

Tuberosity of tibia

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40
Q

Rectus femoris nerve

A

Femoral nerve

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41
Q

Rectus femoris function

A

flexes the thigh and extends the knee
(Kicking)

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42
Q

Vastus lateralis origin

A

Intertrochanteric line, lateral lip of the asperal line

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43
Q

Vastus lateralis insertion

A

Tuberosity of tibia

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44
Q

Vastus lateralis nerve

A

Femoral nerve

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45
Q

Vastus medialis origin

A

Intertrochanteric line, medial lip of the asperal line

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46
Q

Vastus medialis insertion

A

Tuberosity of tibia, some fibers join the capsule of the knee joint and strengthen the knee joint

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47
Q

Vastus medialis nerve

A

Femoral nerve

48
Q

Femoral nerve intervention?

A

Sartorius Muscle, Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus Intermedius

49
Q

Vastus Intermedius origin

A

Anterior and lateral aspect of the shaft of the femur

50
Q

Vastus Intermedius insertion

A

Lower fiber plays an important role in stabilizing the patella
Collective function of 4 heads is to extend the knee joint

51
Q

Vastus Intermedius nerve

A

Femoral nerve

52
Q

Muscles on the medial aspect of the thigh

A

Adductor longus muscle
Adductor brevis muscle
Adductor magnus muscle
Gracilis muscle
Pectineus muscle

53
Q
A

Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
Adductor hiatus

54
Q
A

Pectineus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis

55
Q

Vastus Intermedius function

A

Extension of knee (imp. in standing in upright position)

56
Q
A

Adductor longus muscle

57
Q

Adductor longus muscle origin

A

Front of the body of pubis

58
Q

Adductor longus muscle insertion

A

Medial lip of the asperal line

59
Q

Adductor longus muscle function

A

Adducts, flexes and laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint

60
Q

Adductor longus muscle nerve

A

Obturator nerve

61
Q
A

Adductor Brevis muscle

62
Q

Adductor Brevis muscle origin

A

outer surface of the inferior ramus of the pubis

63
Q

Adductor Brevis muscle insertion

A

Upper part of the asperal line

64
Q

Adductor Brevis muscle function

A

Adducts, flexes and laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint

65
Q

Adductor Brevis muscle nerve

A

Obturator nerve

66
Q

Adductor Magnus muscle origin

A

Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium, ischial tuberosity

67
Q

Adductor Magnus muscle insertion

A

Adductor portion: asperal line
Hamstring portion: Medial epicondyle, supracondylar line

68
Q

Adductor Magnus muscle function

A

Adductor portion: Adducts and assists in lateral rotation of the thigh
Hamstring portion: Extends the thigh at the hip joint

69
Q

Adductor Magnus muscle nerve

A

Adductor portion: Obturator nerve
Hamstring portion: Sciatic nerve

70
Q
A

Adductor hiatus

71
Q

Why does Adductor hiatus exist

A

Adductor hiatus permits the femoral vessels to pass from the adductor canal into the popliteal surface

72
Q
A

Adductor canal

73
Q

Content of Adductor canal

A

Femoral artery(right) and femoral vein(left)
Pass through the adductor hiatus from anterior to posterior aspect of the thigh.

74
Q

Names of femoral artery and femoral vein when they exit adductor hiatus

A

Popliteal artery and vein

75
Q

Fossa behind knee joint

A

Popliteal fossa

76
Q
A

Gracilis Muscle

77
Q

Gracilis Muscle origin

A

Inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of the ischium

78
Q

Gracilis Muscle insertion

A

Upper medial aspect of tibia

79
Q

Gracilis Muscle function

A

Adducts the thigh at the hip joint and flexes the leg at the knee joint

80
Q

Gracilis Muscle nerve

A

Obturator nerve

81
Q
A

Pectineus Muscle

82
Q

Pectineus Muscle origin

A

Superior ramus of the pubis,

83
Q

Pectineus Muscle insertion

A

Pectineal line

84
Q

Pectineus Muscle function

A

Flexes, Adducts and laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint

85
Q

Pectineus Muscle nerve

A

Femoral nerve, sometimes Obturator nerve

87
Q
A

Femoral triangle

88
Q

Femoral triangle base

A

Inguinal ligament

89
Q

Femoral triangle lateral boundary

A

Sartorius muscle

90
Q

Femoral triangle medial boundary

A

Adductor longus

91
Q

Femoral triangle floor

A

Iliopsoas, pectineus and adductor longus muscle

92
Q

Femoral triangle roof

A

Skin, fascia

93
Q

Name of external iliac vein and artery when they pass the inguinal ligament

A

Femoral artery and vein

94
Q
A

Femoral triangle

95
Q

Content of the femoral triangle
Medial →Lateral

A
  1. Femoral canal
  2. Femoral Vein
  3. Femoral Artery
  4. Femoral Nerve
96
Q

What is the femoral sheath

A

Downwards protrusion of the fascia covering the anterior abdominal wall.

97
Q

What does the femoral sheath enclose

A
  1. Femoral canal
  2. Femoral Vein
  3. Femoral Artery
    Femoral nerve is lateral to the femoral sheath
98
Q
A

Adductor Canal (Subsartorial canal)

99
Q

Adductor canal location

A

Deep to the sartorius muscle
Medial third of the thigh

100
Q

Adductor canal beginning

A

Extens from the apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus

101
Q

Content of the Adductor canal and where they exit

A

Femoral Vein
Femoral Artery
(exit through the adductor hiatus as popliteal artery and vein)
Nerve to the vastus medialis (terminates at the muscle)
Sphanous nerve (pierces roof of adductor canal becomes cutaneous and takes sensation of medial aspect of leg)

102
Q

What type of nerve is the femoral nerve

A

Mixed nerve (sensory and motor fibers)

103
Q

What type of nerve is the obturator nerve

A

Mixed nerve (sensory and motor fibers)

104
Q
A

Saphenous nerve sensation

105
Q
A

Blue: Femoral nerve sensory fibers
Red: Femoral nerve motor fibers

106
Q
A

Obturator nerve sensation

107
Q

Femoral artery

A

Superficial circumflex iliac artery
Superficial epigastric artery
Superficial external pudental artery
Deep external pudental artery
Profunda femoris (most imp)
-Medial circumflex artery
-lateral circumflex artery
both surround and supply head of femur
Descending genicular artery

108
Q

Femoral artery

A

Superficial circumflex iliac artery
Superficial epigastric artery
Superficial external pudental artery
Deep external pudental artery
Profunda femoris (most imp)
-Medial circumflex artery
-lateral circumflex artery
both surround and supply head of femur
Descending genicular artery

109
Q
A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

110
Q

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes Horizontal group

A

Anterior abdominal wall below the umblicus
Perineum
Urethra
External genital organs
Lower half of anal canal
Gluteal region

111
Q

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes Vertical group

A

Lower limb

112
Q
A

Knee joint (tibiofemoral joint)

113
Q

Type of knee joint

A

synovial
hinge joint type

114
Q

What bones is the knee joint between?

A

the femur, tibia, and patella.

115
Q

Knee joint

A

convex condyles of the femur
concave condyles of the tibia
The patella lies in front of the femur

Anatomy (17 decks)

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