Deep muscles of the back and suboccipital region Flashcards
Green: Serratus posterior superior
Blue: Serratus posterior inferior
Serratus posterior superior origin
C7-T3
Serratus posterior superior insertion
2-5th ribs
Serratus posterior superior innervation
2nd-5th intercostal nerves
Serratus posterior superior function
Inhalation
Serratus posterior inferior origin
T11-L2
Serratus posterior inferior insertion
9-12 rib
Serratus posterior inferior innervation
9th-12th ventral rami of spinal nerve
Serratus posterior inferior function
Exhalation
Lateral tract group of muscles
Sacrospinal group
Spinotransversus and Intertransverse group
Medial tract group of muscles
Spinal group
Transversospinal group
Main function of the lateral tract and medial tract muscles
Movement of vertebral column
Erector spinae- iliocostalis
Erector spinae- iliocostalis origin
Iliac crest- sacrum
7th-12th rib
3rd-6th rib
Erector spinae- iliocostalis insertion
6th-12th ribs
1-6 ribs
transverse process 4-6
Erector spinae- iliocostalis function
Unilateral- lateral flexion
Bilateral- extension
Erector spinae- iliocostalis innervation
dorsal rami of spinal nerve
Erector spinae- longissimus
Erector spinae- longissimus origin
Iliac crest- sacrum
transverse process
T1-T12
C4-C7
Erector spinae- longissimus insertion
1st-12th rib
Transverse process
T1-T12
C2-C5
Mastoid process
Erector spinae- longissimus function
Unilateral- Lateral flexion
Bilateral- Extension
Erector spinae- longissimus innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerve
Splenius cervicis - Spinotransverse group
Splenius cervicis origin
Spinous process (T3-T6)
Splenius cervicis insertion
Transverse process (C1-C3)
Splenius cervicis function
Unilateral- Lateral flexion, Rotation
Bilateral- Extension
Splenius cervicis innervation
Dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerves
Splenius capitis- Spinotransverse group- reaches cranium
Splenius capitis origin
Spinous process (C7-T3/4)
Splenius capitis insertion
Mastoid process
Occipital bone
Splenius capitis innervation
Dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerves
Splenius capitis function
Unilateral- Lateral flexion, Rotation
Bilateral- Extension
Intertransversarii Levatores costarum(elevates ribs)
Levatores costarum origin
Transverse process C7-T11
Levatores costarum insertion
Transverse process C2-C3, L1-L5
Levatores costarum function
Unilateral- Lateral flexion
Bilateral- Extension
Levatores costarum innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Erector spinae- spinalis (Medial tract)
Erector spinae- spinalis origin
Spinous process
C2-T12
Erector spinae- spinalis insertion
ATTACHES TO ANOTHER SPINOUS PROCESS
Erector spinae- spinalis function
Unilateral- Lateral flexion
Bilateral- Extension
Erector spinae- spinalis innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Interspinales
Interspinales origin
Spinous process cervical and lumbar
Interspinales insertion
Spinous process cervical and lumbar
Interspinales function
Extension no rotation
Interspinales innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Rotatores breve and longi (Medial tract)
Rotatores breve and longi origin
Transverse process
Spinous process
Thoracic
Rotatores breve and longi insertion
Transverse process
Spinous process
Thoracic
Rotatores breve and longi function
Unilateral- lateral flexion, rotation
Bilateral- Extension
Rotatores breve and longi innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Multifidus
Multifidus function
Unilateral- Lateral flexion, rotation
Bilateral- Extension
Multifidus innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Multifidus incloses which structures
Transverse process
Spinous process
C2
Sacrum
Semispinalis thoracic, cervicis capitis
Semispinalis thoracic, cervicis capitis origin
Transverse process
C3
T12
Semispinalis thoracic, cervicis capitis insertion
Spinous process
C2
T7
Occipital bone
Semispinalis thoracic, cervicis capitis function
Unilateral- Lateral flexion, rotation
Bilateral- Extension
Semispinalis thoracic, cervicis capitis innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerve
Yellow: Rectus capitis anterior
Green: Rectus capitis lateralis
Rectus capitis anterior origin and insertion
Atlas to occipital bone
Rectus capitis anterior function
Flexion
Rectus capitis anterior innervation
Ventral rami of C1 nerve
Rectus capitis lateralis origin and insertion
Atlas to occipital bone
Rectus capitis lateralis function
Unilateral: Lateral flexion
Bilateral: Flexion
Main action: occipital bone rotation on atlas
Rectus capitis lateralis innervation
Ventral rami of C1 nerve
Green: Longus capitis
Blue: Longus colli
Longus capitis origin
Occipital bone
Longus capitis insertion
Transverse process (C3-C6)
Longus capitis and Longus colli function
Unilateral- Lateral flexion, rotation
Bilateral- Flexion
Longus capitis and Longus colli innervation
Branches from cervical plexus (C2-C6)
Longus colli origin
Transverse process
Longus colli insertion
Vertebral body (C2-T3)
Suboccipital muscles
Green: Rectus capitis posterior major
Blue: Rectus capitis posterior minor
Yellow: Obliquus capitis superior
Purple: Obliquus capitis inferior
Suboccipital muscles innervation
Dorsal ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve)
Rectus capitis posterior major origin and insertion
Occipital bone to axis (C2)
Rectus capitis posterior minor origin and insertion
Occipital bone to atlas (C1)
Obliquus capitis superior origin and insertion
Occipital bone to atlas (C1)
Obliquus capitis inferior origin and insertion
Atlas (C1) to axis (C2)
Suboccipital triangle
- Rectus capitis posterior minor
- Obliquus capitis inferior
- Obliquus capitis superior
- Vertebral artery
- Posterior ramus of C1
What is the only spiral nerve that doesnt have a corresponding skin area
Suboccipital nerve
- Occipitalis major nerve
- Occipitalis tertius nerve
- Sub-occipitalis nerve
Occipitalis major nerve pathway
Reaches the base4 of muscle fivers or superior nuchal line then pierces deep fascia to become superficial the passes over the suboccipital triangle.
- Occipitalis major (Great occipital nerve)
- Occipitalis minor nerve
- Opthalmicus nerve
- C2
- C3
- C4
- Occipitalis major
- Occipitalis minor nerve