Super Cells (Biology) Flashcards
What is a plasmid ?
A small ring of genetic material in a bacterial cell
What is a cell membrane
The cell membrane controls the entry and exit of substances such as O2, CO2, glucose and waste to and form all cells
What is a cytoplasm
Watery, jelly-like material within cells containing organ cells that are the sites of various chemical reactions
What is a cell wall
The outer layer of plant,fungal and bacterial cells, which helps support the cell
What is a vacuole
Membrane-bound sae that stores a solution of water, salts and sugars and helps support plant and fungal cells
What is a chloroplast
Makes carbohydrate in green plant cells using light energy in the process of photosynthesis
What is a mitrochondrion
Main site of ATP production in aerobic respiration in animal, plant and fungal cells.
What is a ribosome
Site of protein synthesis in cells
What cells have a nucleus
Animal
Plant
Fungal
What cells have a plasmid
Bacterial
What cells have a cell membrane
Animal
Plant
Fungal
Bacterial
What cells have a cytoplasm
Animal
Plant
Fungal
Bacterial
What cells have a cell wall
Plant
Fungal
Bacterial
What cells have a vacuole
Plant
Fungal
What cells have a chloroplast
Plant
What cells have a mitrochondrion
Animal
Plant
Fungal
What cells have a ribosome
Animal
Plant
Fungal
Bacterial
Describe the movement of molecules across the plasma membrane
The plasma membrane is said to be selectively permeable; it controls which substances enter and leave the cell. Three main process are involved in transporting molecules and ions across the membrane - diffusion, osmosis and active transport
What is diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from s area of high concentration to a low concentration
What is a concentration gradient
The difference that excuse between two regions before diffusion
Why is diffusion described as a passive process ? What does this mean?
It is described as a passive process because it doesn’t require any energy
Which type of molecule readily pass across the plasma membrane by diffusion
It is water. Water uses diffusion, to pass through easily. Tiny molecules = uncharged
Why are ions unable to move across the membrane by simple diffusion
They depend on the membrane’s channel proteins and carrier proteins because they are charged