Sulfonamides Flashcards
bactrim is used for what 2 things in men?
UTI/ Prostatitis
sulfomanides can cause _____ in pts with G6PDH def?
hemolytic anemia
Sulfomanides are CI in which group? Why?
new borns/infants, pregnant females increased risk for Kernicterus
What is polytrim used for?
bacterial conjunctivitis
Bactrim is used to treat gastroenteritis caused by what 2 bugs?
Salmonella and shigella
What is the role of Trimethoprim in bactrim/sulfatrim?
inhibit conversion of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate
Sulfonamides are higly bound to albumin, they can displace other drugs like ______, leading to an increase in serum concentration of free blood
warfarin and methotrexate (increased bleeding)
sulfasalazine has anti-inflammatory uses beneficial for what 3?
- ulcerative colitis 2. colitis 3. juvenule rheumatoid arthritis
bactrim is DOC for what 2 disease and their bugs?
- Nocardia- pulmonary lesions 2. Pneumocystitis jiroveci- PNA
bactrim is first line for otitis, sinusitis, and PNA caused by what 2?
H. Flu and M. Catarrhalis
What is the indication of Sulfisoxazole acetyl and Erythromycin?
Otitis media in children (H. Flu)
What is the use of Mafenide?
topical for preventing burn infections
Does cross resistance exists among sulfonamides?
yes
What is the use for silver sulfadiazine?
topical to prevent burn infections
What is mechanism of action of Trimethoprim?
inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase which reduces tetrahydrofolate
Is sulfasalazine absorbed in the GI tract?
no
What is the abx spectrum of sulfonamides?
many gram pos and gram neg
What is the indication of sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim (bactrim)?
synergistic abx actions
What are the 3 uses of Sulfacetamide?
topical for 1. ocular infections 2. acne 3. bacterial skin infections
Trimethoprim causes folate def, therefore leading to what 3 things? Can be treated with?
- megaloblastic anemia 2. leukopenia 3. granulocytopenia Folinic acid
WHy must you drink lots of water when taking sulfonamides?
It can cause crystalluria and nephrotoxicity
Trimethoprim is good at treating what 2 things?
- UTI 2. bacterial prostatitis
What is Kernicterus?
increased bilirubin in the CNS
What is the MOA of sulfonamides?
- They inhibit the synthesis of bacterial folic acid 2. they compete with PABA for dihydropteroate synthetase, thereby inhibiting the incorporation of PABA into bacterial folic acid.
