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Pharm test #1 > Bacitracin etc.... > Flashcards

Bacitracin etc.... Flashcards

1
Q

What is included in the triple abx opthalmic solution?

A

Polymyxin B, Neomycin, Gramicidin

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2
Q

Gramicidin: MOA bugs it covers? group of drugs in the solution combo? to tx?

A
  • disrupt bacterial cell membranes - gram pos cocci and bacilli - polymixin B and neomycin - topical for superficial eye infections
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3
Q

We can become resistant to TCN’s how? However, resistant strains may still be susceptible to what?

A

by decreased accumulation due to an efflux pump; Tigecycline

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4
Q

What drug is included in the triple abx topical ointment?

A

Polymyxin B, Neomycin, Bacitracin

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5
Q

Vancomycin: 1. MOA 2. bugs covered? 3. DOC for what? 4. given with _____ to cover enterococcal infections in b-lactam allergic pts 5. when is it given orally?

A
  1. inhibits cell wall synth 2. gram pos 3. MRSA (endocarditis or sepsis due to MRSA) 4. aminoglycoside 5. abx induce overgrowth of staph or C. diff
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6
Q

Daptomycin is inactived by _____

A

surfactant in the lungs

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7
Q

How is doxycycline eleminated?

A

via the bile

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8
Q

Which 2 TCNs can be used in a pt with renal failure?

A

Doxy and Tigecycline

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9
Q

Tetracyclines are CI in which 2 groups?

A
  1. pregnancy and breast feeding 2. children less then 8
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10
Q

Why does vancomycin require slow IV transfusion?

A

to avoid red man syndrome: plebitis, flushing, shock due to rapid histamine release

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11
Q

Bacitracin: MOA group of drugs in the ointment combo? bugs it covers?

A
  • inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis - Polymyxin B, neosporin, and bacitracin - gram pos cocci and bacilli
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12
Q

Other SE’s of TCN’s?

A

-phototoxicitiy - vestibular problems - superinfections (candida, Staph)

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13
Q

What is tetracycline 1st line for? and what is another condition it can help treat?

A

1st line–> H. Pylori Acne

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14
Q

Tigecycline is indiciated for what skin infections?

A

intra-abdominal infections caused by bacterioides

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15
Q

The use of outdated TCN’s can cause what?

A

Fanconi syndrome (N/V, ployuria, polydipsia, proteinuria)

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16
Q

Daptomycin: 1. MOA 2. Route? 3. bugs it treats? 4. tx of?

A
  1. depolarizes membrane potential causing cell death 2. IV 3. Gram pos (strep, staph, entero, MRSA and VRSA) 4. complicated skin and soft tissue infections, bacteremia, and endocaritis
17
Q

Which tetracycline is intermediate acting?

A

Demeclocycline–> rarely used

18
Q

Polymyxin B: 1. MOA 2. bugs? 3. tx of? 4. route?

A
  1. Act like a detergent and distrupts cell membranes 2. gram neg rods (pseudomonas) 3. corneal ulcers, external otitis 4. topical only due to neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity
19
Q

Tigecycline is active against what bugs?

A

MRSA, MRSE, VISA, VRSA, PCN strep. pneumon, VRE

20
Q

Which tetracycline is IV?

A

Tigecycline

21
Q

TCNs can bind to _____ and ______ and cause ______

A

teeth and bones and cause tooth discoloration and fetal bone formation

22
Q

Tigecycline is used for what?

A
  • used to cover those drugs resistant to other tetracyclines
23
Q

Cycloserine: 1. MOA? 2. indication? 3. SE’s?

A
  1. inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis 2. second line TB drug 3. CNS toxicity (HA, tremors, psychosis, convulsions) and neuropathy
24
Q

Which tetracyclines are considered long acting?

A

Doxy and minocycline

25
Q

Which tetracycline has the longest half life?

A

Tigecycline

26
Q

Fosfomycin: 1. used to tx? bugs?

A
  1. uncomplicated UTI; safe during pregnancy (single dose) E.coli or entero
27
Q

What tetracycline is short acting?

A

tetracycline

28
Q

What is the mechanism of action of tetracyclines? Is it bacerialstatic or bacteralcidal? broad or narrow?

A

Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30 S subunit; Bacteriostatic; Broad

29
Q

TCNs should not be taken with what?

A

dairy, antaacids or anything containing calcium, mg, and al, and iron; it will decrease oral absoprtion

30
Q

Doxycycline is the DOC for what 6 infections?

A

Rocky mountain spotted fever and typhus (rickettesia) Chlamydia (l. Venereum) Urethritis (ureaplasma urealyticum Atypical PNA (mycoplasma pna) Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi) Klebsiella granulomatis

31
Q

Minocycline is useful in treating the carrier state of what and what other disease? Also used in what skin infection?

A

Neisseia meningitidis and Nocardia; Acne

Pharm test #1 (9 decks)

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