Aminoglycosides

Question 1

Gentamicin and Tobramycin are used to tx UTI’s caused by what 6?

Answer 1

(SPPEEK) Serratia, Proteus, Pseudomonas, E.Coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella

Question 2

Tobramycin is first line for bateremia and PNA due to what?

Answer 2

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Question 3

8 more indications of clindamycin?

Answer 3

1. bacterial vaginosis 2. Acne 3. PJP 4. Gas gangrene 5. tetanus 6. RTI 7. strep pyogenes 8. staph aureus

Question 4

Gentamicin is DOC for? used in combo with what 3?

Answer 4

Endocarditis and bacteremia due to enterococcus 1. Pen G 2. Ampicillin 3. Vancomycin

Question 5

Gentamicin can treat endocarditis and bacteremia due to what 3?

Answer 5

1. Streptococcus Agalactiae 2. strep viridans 3. Campylobacter

Question 6

Gentamicin treats bactermia and meningitis due to what?

Answer 6

Listeria

Question 7

Mupirocin is used intranasally to treat what? in who?

Answer 7

MRSA in health care workers

Question 8

What is a major SE of Chloramphenicol? CI in who?

Answer 8

bone marrow toxicity causing apastic anemia and hemolytic anemia. CI in anyone under 1 month (will cause grey baby syndrome)

Question 9

What types of bug does Aminoglycosides cover?

Answer 9

• Aerobic gram neg bacilli - limited gram pos

Question 10

Spectinomycin is used to tx what? Route?

Answer 10

gonorrhea; IM

Question 11

Clindamycin is recommended for ___ if a pt has an allergy to PCN?

Answer 11

prophy of endocarditis with valvular dz

Question 12

What is Mupirocin effective against?

Answer 12

1 gram positive cocci (Staph and strep)

Question 13

What is the mechanism of aminoglycosides?

Answer 13

irreversible inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by binding to a 30S subunit; Bacterialcidal

Question 14

What 3 things for clindamycin treat?

Answer 14

1. gram pos aerobes 2. gram pos and neg anaerobes

Question 15

Clindamyacin is fir line for which 2?

Answer 15

1. Baceteroides–> abdominal infections 2. Fusobacterium–> gingivitis

Question 16

Are Gentamicin and Tobramycin effective against MRSA?

Answer 16

Yes

Question 17

Clindamycin is often used to treat which body part?

Answer 17

Abdominal infections caused by Bacteriodes fragilis

Question 18

Spectinomycin is effective against which type of bugs?

Answer 18

gram pos and gram neg

Question 19

route of aminoglycosides?

Answer 19

IV

Question 20

What is the MOA of clindamycin?

Answer 20

binds to the 50S unit inhibiting proetin synthesis

Question 21

What is the MOA of Mupirocin?

Answer 21

inhibits protein synthesis by reversibly inhibiting bacterial isoleucyl transfer-RNA

Question 22

What is the MOA of Spectinomycin?

Answer 22

inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S

Question 23

Amikacin is broad or narrow?

Answer 23

Broadest aminglycoside

Question 24

Chloramphenicol is effective (3rd line) against which that cause meningitis?

Answer 24

1. H. Flu 2. Neisseria meningitidis 3. Streptococcus pneumoniae 4. campylobacter fetus

Question 25

2 serious SE’s caused by Aminoglycosides?

Answer 25

1. Ototoxicity 2. Nephrotoxicity

Question 26

Streptomycin is DOC for what 2?

Answer 26

1. Plague (yersinia pestis) 2. Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)

Question 27

Gentamicin treats UTI’s caused by _____

Answer 27

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 28

Amikacin is effective in treating ______?

Answer 28

nosocomial infections that are gentamicin and tobramycin resistant

Question 29

how is neomycin administered?

Answer 29

only topically or locally due to nephrotoxicity (used topically with triple abx ointment)

Question 30

What is the most common form of resistence with aminoglycosides?

Answer 30

Enzymatic inactivation (except Amikacin)

Question 31

Which bug has resistance to clindamycin? If taken it will cause _____

Answer 31

C.Diff; Pseudomembranous colitis

Question 32

What is the MOA of Chloramphenicol? broad or narrow?

Answer 32

interacts with the 50S inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis; broad

Question 33

What is the post-abx effect?

Answer 33

The drug continues to work even after serum levels have declined below MIC (so the emdication is given in large doses)

Question 34

Aminoglycosides are CI in who?

Answer 34

pregnancy

Question 35

When is neomycin used orally?

Answer 35

Bowel sterilization and hepatic coma

Question 36

Aminoglycosides are synergist with what?

Answer 36

beta-lactams