B-Lactam II

Question 1

Cephamycins are a subclass of what group? They add coverage to what 4 bugs?

Answer 1

2nd gen ceph. 1. Bacteroides 2. Clostridium perfringens 3. N. Gonorrhoeae 4. Serratia

Question 2

Can cephalosporins treat Listeria meningitides?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

All cephalosporins are active against what gram neg rods? (3)

Answer 3

1. Proteus 2. E. Coli 3. Klebsiella

Question 4

3rd gen ceph cover same as the 2nd gen plus what 4 gram neg rods?

Answer 4

1. Neisseria 2. Serratia 3. Citrobacter 4. Providencia

Question 5

Primaxin is co/administered with what? why?

Answer 5

Cilastatin; inhibits the formation of a toxic metabolite

Question 6

Cephalosporins are broader spectrum becuase they resist _______

Answer 6

B-lactamases

Question 7

____ prolongs the activity of cephs by blocking tubular secretion?

Answer 7

Probenecid

Question 8

Name the 2 Cephamycins?

Answer 8

1. Cefoxitin 2. Cefotetan

Question 9

Which 2 are the DOC for neonatal and childhood meningitis caused by H. FLu?

Answer 9

1. Ceftriaxone 2. Cefotaxine

Question 10

What is the broadest spectrum of the Carbapenems? used to treat?

Answer 10

Primaxin; UTI’s and RTI’s

Question 11

Name the 3 first generation cephalosporins?

Answer 11

1. Keflex 2. Cefazolin 3. Cefadroxil

Question 12

2nd gen ceph. also treat UTI’s for what 2 bugs?

Answer 12

1. E.coli 2. Klebsiella

Question 13

What is the MOA of Carbapenems?

Answer 13

inhibit cell wall synthesis

Question 14

Cephalosporins are DOC for what 2 dz? bug?

Answer 14

1. PNA 2. UTI Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 15

What type of SE’s for ceph have in the body?

Answer 15

hypersensitivity causing rash and anaphylactic shock

Question 16

Cephalosporins are inactivated by ______

Answer 16

cephalsporease

Question 17

How do Carbapenems structure look?

Answer 17

5 member ring the sulfa is outside of the A ring

Question 18

Name the 6 most important 3rd gen ceph?

Answer 18

1. Ceftriaxone 2. Cefotaxime 3. Ceftazidime 4. Avycaz 5.Cefixime 6. Cefdinir

Question 19

What is the only 3rd gen ceph that treats Bacteroid fragiles?

Answer 19

Ceftizoxime

Question 20

Cefotetan is CI in which 2 pt types?

Answer 20

1. pts on blood thinners 2. cant be taken with alcohol (Disulfiram-like reactions)

Question 21

Which 3rd gen ceph is used to treat intra-abd infections, complicated UTI’s, and pyelonephritis?

Answer 21

Avycaz

Question 22

1st gen are useful PCN bugs plus what other 3?

Answer 22

1. proteus mirabilis 2. E. Coli 3. Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 23

Which 3rd gen ceph is first line against pseudomonas Aeruginosa?

Answer 23

Ceftazidime

Question 24

What type bug is Aztreonam active against?

Answer 24

Aerobic gram neg bacilli (Pseudomonas and Serratia)

Question 25

Which ceph. is the drug of choice for surgical prophy?

Answer 25

Cefazolin

Question 26

name 10 cephasporins that are given PO?

Answer 26

1. Cephalexin 2. Cefadroxil 3. Cefprozil 4. Cefuroxime axetil 5. Cefaclor 6. Cefdinir 7. Cefixime 8. Ceftibuten 9. cefpodoxime proxetil 10. cefditoren pivoxil

Question 27

SE of Primaxin?

Answer 27

High doeses could cause sz.

Question 28

Which Cephamycins is more active? Is the first line for what?

Answer 28

- Cefoxitin Peritonitis and diverticulitis (Bacteroides)

Question 29

What is the best medication for Listeria meningitides?

Answer 29

Ampicillin

Question 30

Are cephalosporins active against MRSA?

Answer 30

Only 5th generation Teflaro

Question 31

Do Meropenem, Doripenem, and Ertapenem need to be admin with Cilastatin?

Answer 31

No.

Question 32

Ceftriaxone is give ______ and first line for what 5 things

Answer 32

IV/IM 1. N. Gonorrhoeae 2. Meningitis due to H. flu 3. Chancroid due to H.Ducrey 4. PCN resistant Step. pneumo 5. typhoid fever from Salmonella

Question 33

what is the only 5th gen ceph on the market?

Answer 33

- Teflaro

Question 34

2nd gen have increased activity aginst what 2? Good for what dz?

Answer 34

1. H. influenzae 2. M. Catarrhalis Upper and lower respirtory infections

Question 35

What is the most widely rx'd 3rd gen ceph? what is it used for?

Answer 35

- Cefdinir - CAP, bronchitis, sinusitis

Question 36

Which PCN is excreted by the bile?

Answer 36

Naficilllin

Question 37

4th gen ceph have increase resistance to \_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 37

B-lactamases produced by Enterobacter \*\*broadest!!!

Question 38

All cephalosporins are active again what gram pos cocci?

Answer 38

1. staphylococci 2. sterptococci 3. pneumococci

Question 39

which ceph is used during orthopedic surgery since it concentrates in the bone?

Answer 39

Cefazolin

Question 40

5th gen has increased active against which 4?

Answer 40

1. MRSA 2. VRSA 3. VISA 4. Enterococcus Faecalis

Question 41

Which cephalosporin is the msot widely rx'd?

Answer 41

Keflex

Question 42

What is the structure like of the monobactam?

Answer 42

It has a B-lactam ring, but does not have an adjacent A-Ring. Therefore it is safe to use in pts with a PCN allergy

Question 43

What is the most widely used 4th gen ceph? route?

Answer 43

Cefepime; IV

Question 44

What is the mechanism of Cephalosporins?

Answer 44

They inhibit cell wall synthesis

Question 45

Which ceph is excreted by the bile and is safe to sue in pts with renal failure?

Answer 45

Ceftriaxone

Question 46

What is Aztreonam used to treat?

Answer 46

UTI's, PNA, and cystic fibrosis pts with respiratory symptoms

Question 47

What are the 3rd generation cephalosporins used in treatment for?

Answer 47

1. gonorrhea 2. bacterial meningitis

Question 48

4th gen ceph are first like for UTIs, PNA, bacteremia, and meningitis caused from ______ and for _____ infections

Answer 48

Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Intra abdominal

Question 49

4 of the 3rd gen ceph that can cross the BBB and treat bacterial meningitis?

Answer 49

1. Ceftriaxone 2. Cefotaxime 3. Ceftazidime 4. Ceftizoxime

Question 50

What is the only Monobactam on the market?

Answer 50

Aztreonam

Question 51

name the 4 2nd gen ceph?

Answer 51

1. Cefprozil 2. Cefuroxime Axetil 3. Cefuroxime 4. Cefaclor

Question 52

What is the formation of cephalosporins?

Answer 52

They have 6 atoms in adjacent ring