Sugar, Diabetes Flashcards
RDA sugar
11 tsp. a day
type 2 diabetes
more common type in which body cells resist insulin
causes nutrient deficiency
dental caries
cavities; gradual decay and disintegration of a tooth
1 tsp. of sugar has __g
4g
sugar kcal/gram
4kcal/gram
1 tsp. of sugar is equivalent to…
1 tsp. brown sugar
1 tsp. honey
1 tsp. maple sugar
1 tbsp. ketchup
45 ml (1.5 oz) of Coke
1 oz = __mL
30 mL
honey made of…
sucrose, fructose, glucose
types of alternative sweetener
sugar alcohol
nutritive sweetener
artificial/nonnutritive sweetener
sugar alcohol
taste like sugar and yield 2-3 kcal/g
mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol
nutritive sweetener
yield energy including both the sugars and sugar alcohols
artificial sweetener
noncarbohydrate, noncaloric, synthetic sweetening agents
aka. nonnutritive sweetener
ADI
acceptable daily intake
amount of a sweetener that you can safely consume over the day for a lifetime
100-fold safety factor
ADI of aspartame
50mg/kg
anaerobic
not requiring oxygen
may use strength, but doesn’t work the heart and lungs hard
lactic acid
product of incomplete breakdown of glucose during anaerobic metabolism
when O2 becomes available, lactic acid can be broken down for energy or converted back to glucose
what affects glucose use during physical activity?
carb intake
intensity & duration of activity
degree of training
foods w/ high glycemic index
cornflakes
mashed potato
short-grain rice
waffles
watermelon
white bread
