Substance Abuse Flashcards
substance use disorder (SUD)
*a medical illness caused by repeated misuse of a substance or substances
*develops gradually over time
*leads to BRAIN CHANGES
addiction
*most severe form of substance use disorder (SUD)
*uncontrolled or compulsive use of one or more substances despite negative psychologic and/or physiologic consequences
*a chronic brain disease that has the potential for both recurrence (relapse) and recovery (remission)
substance misuse
the use of any substance in a way that can cause harm to the individual or those around them
continuum of addiction
- substance use
- substance misuse
- substance use disorder
- addiction
words to use for substance use disorder
*substance use disorder
*substance misuse
*substance use
*addiction
*patient with a SUD
words NOT to use for substance use disorder
*alcoholic
*drug abuser
*addict
*substance abuse
*opioid replacement therapy
tolerance
*repeated use leads to a diminishing effect
*pharmacokinetic = increased metabolism
*pharmacodynamic = cellular adaptation
withdrawal symptoms
*symptoms produced when drug taking stops (may be florid or subtle)
*a sign of physical dependence
*usually, sx are the OPPOSITE of the drug’s effects
*often includes craving
*relief from withdrawal = NEGATIVE REWARD
psychological dependence
*needing, wanting, liking a drug due to perceived benefits
*negative reinforcement and compulsion drives this behavior
*drug-conditioned cues elicit craving
physical dependence
*removal of drug leads to withdrawal symptoms
*repeated use alters physiology
*not necessarily pathological
*NOT ADDICTION
4 categories of symptoms to make a dx of SUD
*impaired control
*social impairment
*risky use
*pharmacological criteria
mild SUD
2-3 criteria (out of 11 total) for SUD met
moderate SUD
4-5 criteria (out of 11 total) for SUD met
severe SUD
6+ criteria (out of 11 total) for SUD met
Koob Model of Addiction
- binge intoxication = basal ganglia
- withdrawal = amygdala
- preoccupation/anticipation = prefrontal cortex
