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Neuro 3 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

typical antipsychotics - MOA

A

D2 blockade

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2
Q

typical antipsychotics - drugs in class

A
  1. haloperidol
  2. chlorpromazine (a phenothiazine)
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3
Q

typical antipsychotics - ADEs

A
  1. extrapyramidal sx
  2. tardive dyskinesia
  3. neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  4. hyperprolactinemia
  5. alpha-1-blockade
  6. QTc prolongation
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4
Q

treatment for extrapyramidal sx

A

anticholinergic drug

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5
Q

treatment for tardive dyskinesia

A

VMAT inhibitor

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6
Q

treatment for neuroleptic malignant sydrome

A

dantrolene

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7
Q

atypical antipsychotics - MOA

A

5-HT blockade

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8
Q

atypical antipsychotics - drugs in class

A
  1. clozapine
  2. risperidone
  3. olanzapine
  4. quetiapine
  5. ziprasidone
  6. aripiprazole
  7. paliperidone
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9
Q

atypical antipsychotics - ADEs

A

*metabolic effects (weight gain, DM, dyslipidemia)
*anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, urinary retention)

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10
Q

clozapine - ADEs

A

agranulocytosis & myocarditis (requires special permission to prescribe)

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11
Q

clozapine - drug class, MOA, and uses

A

*atypical antipsychotic
*5-HT blockade
*used for schizophrenia (sometimes bipolar or major depression)

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12
Q

risperidone - drug class, MOA, and uses

A

*atypical antipsychotic
*5-HT blockade
*used for schizophrenia (sometimes bipolar or major depression)

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13
Q

olanzapine - drug class, MOA, and uses

A

*atypical antipsychotic
*5-HT blockade
*used for schizophrenia (sometimes bipolar or major depression)

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14
Q

quetiapine - drug class, MOA, and uses

A

*atypical antipsychotic
*5-HT blockade
*used for schizophrenia (sometimes bipolar or major depression)

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15
Q

ziprasidone - drug class, MOA, and uses

A

*atypical antipsychotic
*5-HT blockade
*used for schizophrenia (sometimes bipolar or major depression)

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16
Q

aripiprazole - drug class, MOA, and uses

A

*atypical antipsychotic
*5-HT blockade
*used for schizophrenia (sometimes bipolar or major depression)

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17
Q

palperidone - drug class, MOA, and uses

A

*atypical antipsychotic
*5-HT blockade
*used for schizophrenia (sometimes bipolar or major depression)

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18
Q

MOA for a drug used to treat schizophrenia

A

5-HT blockade (atypical antipsychotic)

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19
Q

benzodiazepines - MOA

A

*bind allosterically to the GABA-A receptor, facilitating the binding of GABA to the receptor; increase the FREQUENCY of the channel being open

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20
Q

benzos - drugs in class

A
  1. alprazolam
  2. diazepam
  3. lorazepam
  4. clonazepam
  5. midazolam
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21
Q

benzos - ADEs

A

*sedation
*anterograde amnesia
*dependence

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22
Q

benzos - uses

A

sedation, sleep, conscious sedation, anesthesia adjuvant, anxiety, muscle relaxation, tx of seizures, alcohol withdrawal, anterograde amnesia

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23
Q

alprazolam - drug class, MOA, and uses

A

*benzo
*bind allosterically to GABA-A receptor to facilitate GABA
*used for sedation, anxiety, sleep, seizures, alcohol withdrawal, anesthesia adjunct

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24
Q

diazepam - drug class, MOA, and uses

A

*benzo
*bind allosterically to GABA-A receptor to facilitate GABA
*used for sedation, anxiety, sleep, seizures, alcohol withdrawal, anesthesia adjunct

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25
lorazepam - drug class, MOA, and uses
*benzo *bind allosterically to GABA-A receptor to facilitate GABA *used for sedation, anxiety, sleep, seizures, alcohol withdrawal, anesthesia adjunct
26
clonazepam - drug class, MOA, and uses
*benzo *bind allosterically to GABA-A receptor to facilitate GABA *used for sedation, anxiety, sleep, seizures, alcohol withdrawal, anesthesia adjunct
27
midazolam - drug class, MOA, and uses
*benzo *bind allosterically to GABA-A receptor to facilitate GABA *used for sedation, anxiety, sleep, seizures, alcohol withdrawal, anesthesia adjunct
28
zolipdem - drug class, MOA, and uses
*z-drug *bind allosterically to GABA-A receptor to facilitate GABA *used for sleep
29
GABA-A receptor - MOA
opens to allow Cl- to flow intracellularly, causing hyperpolarization (the inhibitory effect)
30
MOA of drugs used for sedation, sleep, acute anxiety, or alcohol withdrawal
bind allosterically to GABA-A receptor to facilitate GABA binding
31
flumazenil
*MOA – reversible benzo-receptor antagonist (reverses the effects of benzos on z-drugs) *Uses – tx overdose; reverse benzo used in surgery or procedure *ADEs – agitation, confusion, dizziness
32
barbiturates - MOA
bind allosterically to the GABA-A receptor, facilitating the binding of GABA to the receptor; increase the duration of the channel being open
33
barbiturates - things to think of
*sedation *seizures (peds) *enzyme-induction *GABA
34
SSRIs - MOA
block SERT (serotonin transporter) to inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and increase the amount of 5-HT in the synapse
35
SSRIs - drugs in class
1. sertraline 2. citalopram 3. escitalopram 4. fluoxetine 5. paroxetine
36
SSRIs - ADEs
*sexual dysfunction *drowsiness/insomnia *weight gain *serotonin syndrome
37
SSRIs - uses
*depression *anxiety disorders *OCD *PTSD *bulimia
38
sertraline - drug class, MOA, and uses
*SSRI *inhibit 5-HT reuptake (SERT) *used for depression, anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD, and bulimia
39
citalopram - drug class, MOA, and uses
*SSRI *inhibit 5-HT reuptake (SERT) *used for depression, anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD, and bulimia
40
escitalopram - drug class, MOA, and uses
*SSRI *inhibit 5-HT reuptake (SERT) *used for depression, anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD, and bulimia
41
fluoxetine - drug class, MOA, and uses
*SSRI *inhibit 5-HT reuptake (SERT) *used for depression, anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD, and bulimia
42
paroxetine - drug class, MOA, and uses
*SSRI *inhibit 5-HT reuptake (SERT) *used for depression, anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD, and bulimia
43
SNRIs - overview
*drugs in class: duloxetine & venlafaxine *MOA - inhibit 5-HT and NE reuptake (SERT & NET) *uses: depression, anxiety, fibromyalgia, chronic pain, neuropathy *ADEs - SSRI ADEs + hypertension & tachycardia
44
amitriptyline - overview
*tricyclic antidepressant *MOA - inhibit 5-HT and NE reuptake (SERT & NET) *used for resistant depression and other things *lots of ADEs
45
trazodone
*antidepressant "serotonin modulator" *ADE = priapism
46
bupropion
*antidepressant *MOA = inhibits NET and DAT (no effect on 5-HT) *used for depression/smoking cessation *little sexual dysfunction *lowers seizure threshold
47
cocaine - MOA
*blocks reuptake of NE, DA, and serotonin *inhibits voltage-gated Na+ channels and cardiac K+ channels
48
cocaine - effects
*Increased HR & BP *Increased arousal and alertness *Elevation of mood, increased confidence, euphoria *Decreased appetite and sleep requirements *Increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage, ischemia stroke, MI, and seizures
49
amphetamines - MOA
**interferes with VMAT, causing release of MORE DA in synapse *block reuptake of NE, DA, and serotonin
50
amphetamines - effects
*Increased wakefulness and alertness *Decreased fatigue *Euphoria *Excitement *Decreased appetite
51
amphetamines - uses
*ADHD *narcolepsy *binge eating disorder
52
MOA of drug used to treat ADHD
**interferes with VMAT, causing release of MORE DA in synapse *block reuptake of NE, DA, and serotonin
53
methylphenidate - overview
*MOA - blocks reuptake of NE, DA, and serotonin *uses - ADHD
54
caffeine - MOA
blocks adenosine receptor and inhibits phosphodiesterases
55
opioids - MOA
mu-receptor agonists
56
MOA of drugs used to treat pain
mu-receptor agonists (opioids)
57
opioids - effects
*Analgesia *Euphoria *Sedation *Respiratory depression *Miosis (pinprick pupils) *Cough suppression *Constipation
58
mixed opioid agonists
1. nalbuphine 2. butorphanol
59
buprenorphine
*mixed opioid partial agonist/antagonist
60
opioid antagonists
*block mu-receptor 1. naloxone 2. naltrexone
61
ADEs of drug used for bipolar
lithium ADEs: *tremor *low thyroid *Ebstein's anomaly (in fetus)
62
methadone
*opioid *used for opioid maintenance/withdrawal

Neuro Exam 3 (31 decks)

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