Opioids & Pain Management

Question 1

chronic pain - biopsychosocial model

Answer 1

*physical/biological - nociceptive, injury, trauma, infection, etc
*psychological - impact on: mood, concentration, sleep, etc
*psychosocial - relationships, work, social networks, isolation
*other factors - drug dependence, financial difficulties, cultural barriers, etc

Question 2

4 “types” of chronic pain

Answer 2

1. nociceptive pain
2. somatic pain
3. visceral pain
4. neuropathic pain

Question 3

nociceptive pain

Answer 3

*most common type of chronic pain
*pain due to tissue damage to any part of the body where nociceptors are located
*2 types: somatic vs. visceral

Question 4

somatic pain

Answer 4

*caused by injury to the bone, ligament, or muscle
*described as sharp, throbbing

Question 5

visceral pain

Answer 5

*injury to a visceral organ
*often described as deep, achy, difficult to pinpoint
*often accompanied by referred pain

Question 6

neuropathic pain

Answer 6

*caused by injury to the nerves themselves
*often described as shooting, burning, numbing pain

Question 7

key components of a chronic pain evaluation

Answer 7

*history: (quality, radiation, severity, etc)
*PMHx
*social hx
*ROS
*PE
*diagnostic tests

Question 8

goals of chronic pain management

Answer 8

*identify realistic pain management goals:
-reduce discomfort
-promote function
-improve quality of life
-avoid medication side effects
-improve mobility

Question 9

complex regional pain syndrome

Answer 9

a condition where a person experiences persistent severe and debilitating pain in a particular region rather than a dermatome, usually after injury, surgery, stroke, heart attack, etc

Question 10

multimodal pain management

Answer 10

*NSAIDs, Cox-2 inhibitors, acetaminophen
*NMDA receptor antagonists
*anticonvulsants
*local anesthetics/nerve blocks
*antidepressants
*alpha-2-agonists
*opioids
*PHYSICAL THERAPY