Subdural Haemorrhage Flashcards
A subdural haemorrhage is a rupture of __________ due to s___
bridging vein(s)
shearing
What injuries may cause a subdural haemorrhage?
Deceleration injuries (eg car crash)
Shaken baby syndrome, abused
What are risk factors for subdural haemorrhage?
Trauma
Child abuse
Cortical atrophy (eg dementia)
What are symptoms of a subdural haemorrhage?
Gradual onset with latent period
Bleeding is small, accumulation and autolysis of blood means symptoms appear after days or weeks+
Raised intracranial pressure
Fluctuating Glasgow Coma Scale
Papilledema (swelling of optic nerve)
What is the triad called for signs of increased ICP?
Cushing’s triad
What does Cushing’s triad consist of?
Bradycardia
Widened pulse pressure
Irregular breathing
When the intracranial pressure is greater than the mean arterial pressure, the brain no longer receives enough. ____ which activates the _____ nervous system followed by the _______ nervous system
oxygen
sympathetic
parasympathetic
How do you diagnose a subdural haemorrhage?
NC CT head shows a banana or crescent shaped haematoma
Not confined to suture line, midline shift
If the subdural haemorrhage is acute, the blood on the NC CT head scan will show as h____
hyperdense (bright)
If the subdural haemorrhage is subacute, the blood on the NC CT head scan will show as i____
isodense
If the subdural haemorrhage is chronic, the blood on the NC CT head scan will show as h____
hypodense (darker than brain)
What are complications of subdural haemorrhage?
Brainstem herniation
Respiratory arrest
How do you treat a subdural haemorrhage after confirming via NC CT head scan?
Surgery, burr hole and craniotomy
IV mannitol to lower ICP
Address cause is suspected child abuse
