study questions page 2

Question 1

The receptor of a ________ is a chlorine ligand gated channel.

Answer 1

type 2 synapse (IPSP)

Question 2

Increasing physical activity causes an _______ in metabolic rate.

Answer 2

increase

Question 3

The breakdown of food molecules by enzyme action is ______

Answer 3

digestion.

Question 4

The enteric nervous system is ______ by the parasympathetic motor neurons.

Answer 4

stimulated

Question 5

Moving along the median plane, the side moving towards the plane is referred to as ______ side, while the side moving away from the plane is referred to as the _____ side.

Answer 5

__medial__

__lateral__

Question 6

_____ is triggered by other cells in the duodenum when the pH is too low.

Answer 6

__Secretin__

Question 7

In order for a muscle to contract, Ca2+ must bind to _______ on the thin filament in order
for muscle contraction to occur

Answer 7

troponin

Question 8

______ are microbial waste products that can be absorbed by the ruminant, while methane and gases are lost through eructation.

Answer 8

VFAs (volatile fatty acids)

Question 9

In reference to the thermoneutral zone, animals moderate their degree of insulation by _______, which refers to the compression or erection of hair coats.

Answer 9

pilomotor responses

Question 10

The parasympathetic nervous system’s function is _____ and the sympathetic nervous system’s function is fight or flight. (Hint: the two parts of each function rhyme).

Answer 10

rest and digest

fight or flight

Question 11

_____ is how things work and ___ is why they work that way.

Answer 11

Mechanism

origin

Question 12

____ catalyze chemical reactions.

Answer 12

Enzymes

Question 13

_____ is the transfer of heat between neighboring molecules due to a temperature gradient.

Answer 13

Conduction

Question 14

______ membrane proteins cross the entire phospholipid bilayer.

Answer 14

Integral

Question 15

Accessory gland secretions enter the small intestine at the _____

Answer 15

Duodenum.

Question 16

Of the 4 methods of heat transfer, _____ is the method that can only result in heat loss.

Answer 16

Evaporation

Question 17

_____ is the maintaining of the internal environment relatively constant despite changes in the external environment.

Answer 17

Regulation

Question 18

_____ is the chemical compound present in the pre-synaptic terminal and is released upon stimulation (depolarization and calcium). And also Interacts with the receptors on a post- synaptic cell.

Answer 18

Neurotransmitter

Question 19

___ is used as the cellular energy source.

Answer 19

ATP

Question 20

The _________ is high in fat which helps insulate the neuron and increase the rate of action potential.

Answer 20

myelin sheath

Question 21

__________ neurons inhibit acid release in the intestinal phase of gastric acid secretion.

Answer 21

Enteric nervous system

Question 22

The _____ is the only spot in the foregut digestive tract that functions the same in the monogastrics and ruminants.

Answer 22

esophagus

Question 23

_________________ is the only method of heat transfer that cannot result in heat gain.

Answer 23

evaporation

Question 24

_____________________ is the neurotransmitter that is released in a neuromuscular synapse.

Answer 24

Acetylcholine

Question 25

The saliva has high amount of ______ and has an important role as a buffer in ruminants.

Answer 25

bicarbonate

Question 26

The skin thermorecptor is like a warning system and the _____ thermorecptor produce the response.

Answer 26

core

Question 27

Muscle fiber type I have ____ contraction speed, narrow diameter and high capillary density.

Answer 27

slow

Question 28

_______ is needed to transform pepsinogen to its active form, pepsin.

Answer 28

(HCl)

Question 29

If you are looking at the digestive tract of an animal that had a very large large intestine and a small stomach, it is probably from a _____.

Answer 29

horse

Question 30

________, ________, and _______ will increase the rate an electrical message travels down the axon.

Answer 30

(Increased diameter, Higher temperature, Myelination)

Question 31

____ neurotransmitters are made in the axon terminal and include Ach and Dopamine.

Answer 31

___Amine__

Question 32

The functional unit of the Kidney is called the _____

Answer 32

_Nephron.

Question 33

In the digestive tract of mammals, minerals are absorbed in ______

Answer 33

_The small intestine.

Question 34

_______ a type of glial cell involved in the central nervous system, contribute to immune functions.

Answer 34

Microglial cells,

Question 35

Not all sensory inputs (touch, taste, smell, etc.) to the brain involve _______

Answer 35

conscious awareness.

Question 36

________ channels generate potentials that are “all or nothing” and propagated.

Answer 36

Voltage-Gated

Question 37

On a whole animal level as body weight increases, basal metabolic rate _____

Answer 37

increases.

Question 38

The _____ has the most diverse digestive system anatomy among species.

Answer 38

foregut

Question 39

_________ incorporate into chylomicrons and release into lymph, eventually entering the blood stream.

Answer 39

Fat soluble vitamins

Question 40

_________________ transport can move solutes against equilibrium.

Answer 40

active

Question 41

An________________ is a trait that is present due to natural selection.

Answer 41

adaption

Question 42

The three pairs of salivary glands are parotid, (sub)lingual, and ___________________.

Answer 42

SUB-MANDIBULAR