study guide page 7

Question 1

Chemical, mechanical, and enzymatic processes that convert feed into particles that can be absorbed is called__________.

Answer 1

digestion

Question 2

Simple squameous epithelial cells can be found in lung aveoli, skin, and___________.

Answer 2

blood vessels

Question 3

The _______ is secreted by epithelial cells and is located between the basal membrane of the cell and the capillary.

Answer 3

basement membrane

Question 4

_________ are chemical compounds that can cause a variety of short term effects when triggered be depolarization and Ca2+ influx in the axon terminal.

Answer 4

Neurotransmitters

Question 5

The ________ divided the body into a cranial portion and a caudal portion.

Answer 5

transverse plane

Question 6

The Standard mammalian cell is ______ on the inside and _______ on the outside.

Answer 6

__ negative __

___positive___

Question 7

A nerve is a bundle of neuron axons in the _____ nervous system.

Answer 7

__peripheral__

Question 8

________ is the glandular stomach of ruminants and is most similar to a monogastric stomach

Answer 8

____abomasum_____

Question 9

______ is the transfer of heat between neighboring molecules due to a temperature gradient.

Answer 9

__conduction___

Question 10

_______ is the conversion of chemical energy to heat in energy consuming animals.

Answer 10

_metabolic rate__

Question 11

An example of an _____ response to the environment is shivering.

Answer 11

acute

Question 12

______ circulate in the blood.

Answer 12

Hormones

Question 13

Carbohydrates and protein are ________

Answer 13

main macronutrients.

Question 14

One balancing force that affects equilibrium across a cellular membrane is _________________.

Answer 14

(Osmosis is one)

Question 15

This describes the polar and non-polar characteristics of the phospholipid bi-layer _______________.

Answer 15

(Amphipathic)

Question 16

Growth by increasing in cell numbers is called ______

Answer 16

hyperplasia.

Question 17

_________ are channels that open or close based on the charge gradient across the membrane.

Answer 17

Voltage gated channels

Question 18

A __________ refers to a change in an animal in response to its external environment that is short term, reversible, and affects the phenotype of the animal.

Answer 18

Chronic Response

Question 19

_________________ in the rumen synthesizes vitamin B and K.

Answer 19

Answer: Microbes

Question 20

Vitamins A,D,K, and E are ___________ soluble.

Answer 20

Answer: Fat

Question 21

The pancreas secretes _______________ , an enzyme that breaks down fat.

Answer 21

Answer: Pancreatic lipase

Question 22

______ are calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, sulfur

Answer 22

Macro-Minerals

Question 23

Any tissue located outside of the brain and spinal cord is the _________

Answer 23

peripheral nervous system

Question 24

The basal surface sits on a noncellular sheet of matrix called the _________

Answer 24

basement membrane

Question 25

The parotid, _________, and sublingual are the three paired salivary glands.

Answer 25

submandibular,

Question 26

________ reversibly binds with a molecule to move substances across the membrane.

Answer 26

Transporters

Question 27

________ increases joint angle.

Answer 27

Extension

Question 28

A dog is hot from being in the sun, in order to cool itself it lays under a large shade tree, this form of thermoregulation is called _____

Answer 28

conduction

Question 29

T/F: The mitochondria is the name of the physical barrier, that can be connected to other cells.

Answer 29

f

Question 30

T/F: ATP cannot be transported from cell to cell.

Answer 30

t

Question 31

True or False: Metabolic rate is the conversion of chemical energy to heat.

Answer 31

T

Question 32

True or False: Convection is the transfer of heat through a substance due to visible movement of the substance.

Answer 32

T

Question 33

(True/False) Enzymes can be regulated in two different ways, which are acute and chronic. The acute response is quick, reversible, and can be subdivided in allosteric and covalent. On the other hand, the chronic response is slower, eventually reversible and influence gene expression.

Answer 33

T