study guide page 4

Question 1

There are two types of contractions in the rumen ______ contractions cause eructation

Answer 1

SECONDARY

Question 2

_________ is when the same post-synaptic neuron gets “inputs” from many pre- synaptic neurons at the same time.

Answer 2

SPATIAL SUMMATION

Question 3

_______ is the process of converting sensory information into an electrical signal.

Answer 3

TRANSDUCTION

Question 4

Basal metabolic rate has three standardized conditions for measurement, which are _____________, _____________, and _______________.

Answer 4

Answer: resting state, thermal neutral zone, fasting state

Question 5

_______ are the finger-like projections in the rumen that add surface area, utilized for absorption.

Answer 5

Answer: Papillae

Question 6

_______ are the glial cells in the central nervous system used to create myelin sheath.

Answer 6

Answer: Oligodendricytes

Question 7

The five components of the plasma membrane is phospholipids, cholesterol, _____, ______, and ______

Answer 7

protein, glycoprotein, and glycolipids.

Question 8

The two voltage-gated calcium channels involved in muscle contraction are ______ and ______

Answer 8

T-Tubules

sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 9

Physiology is centered around the two main concepts of _____ and_____

Answer 9

Mechanism

Origin

Question 10

If you placed red blood cells into tube with a NaCl solution with _____ osmotic pressure water will rush into the cells and they will expand

Answer 10

lower

Question 11

The somatic nervous system always uses ______

Answer 11

Acetylcholine

Question 12

When a neuron cell membrane depolarizes, Na+ channels open and Na+ ions flow _____ the cell causing the cell to _____

Answer 12

into

depolarize.

Question 13

_____ are animals whose body temperature is dependent on the environmental temperature.

Answer 13

Poikilotherms

Question 14

______ is the constructive process of metabolism.

Answer 14

Anabolism

Question 15

The gizzard is involved in ____ digestion

Answer 15

acid

Question 16

The three factors that influence M.R of individual animals are Physical activity, Environmental temperature, Meal Consumption

Answer 16

Physical activity,

Environmental temperature,

Meal Consumption

Question 17

The Loop of Henle is involved in creating _____ urine

Answer 17

hypertonic

Question 18

_____ rate is the rate that an animal uses energy.

Answer 18

Metabolic

Question 19

The organ that produces bile is the ____

Answer 19

liver.

Question 20

The ______ nervous system is further divided into the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous systems.

Answer 20

autonomic

Question 21

______ is an enzyme in saliva that is not found in carnivores.

Answer 21

Salivary amylase

Question 22

The neurotransmitter _____ is used in the Somatic nervous system.

Answer 22

Acetylcholine

Question 23

______ proteins reversibly bind with a molecule to move them across the membrane intact.

Answer 23

Transporter

Question 24

The interaction of the components of living animals that enables animals to function as they do is ______

Answer 24

___MECHANISM_________

Question 25

The rate of heat transfer by thermal radiation is determined by ___

Answer 25

SURFACE TEMPERATURE.

Question 26

_____ is the diffusion of water from high concentration to low concentration.

Answer 26

Osmosis

Question 27

The ______ is the “control center” of ruminant’s digestive tracts.

Answer 27

reticulum

Question 28

_______, ______, and ______ all influence the propagation speed of an action potential.

Answer 28

Diameter, temperature, and myelination

Question 29

The core thermoreceptors are located within the ________________

Answer 29

hypothalamus

Question 30

Neurotransmitters or hormones are needed for _____ gated channels to open

Answer 30

ligand

Question 31

Necessary macronutrients consist of _____, fats and _____

Answer 31

carbohydrates proteins.

Question 32

____ is another name for ectotherm.

Answer 32

Poikilotherm

Question 33

When a depolarization occurs, ____are the first channels to open allowing that the ions flow into the membrane

Answer 33

Na+ channels

Question 34

______ are cells that are in the central nervous System and it has an immune function.

Answer 34

Microglial cells

Question 35

To contraction occur, ______ is released by the motor neuron causing a depolarization of muscle fiber membrane.

Answer 35

Acetylcholine

Question 36

______ metabolic rate decreases as the size of the animal increases.

Answer 36

Weight Specific

Question 37

The door-like flap that controls passage into the lungs or digestive tract called the______ is not present in birds.

Answer 37

epiglottis

Question 38

_____ have the advantage of being able to use microbial amino acids but lack the ability to utilize dietary glucose.

Answer 38

Ruminants

Question 39

The _______ carry out protein synthesis.

Answer 39

ribosomes

Question 40

Osmotic pressure depends on the _____ of dissolved entities per unit solution.

Answer 40

number