Study Guide (DNA and RNA) #5 Flashcards
an RNA or DNA molecule is a polymer made of subunits called
nucleotides
the information carried by a DNA moelcuel is in
the order of the bases in the molecule
a gene is
the information for makin g apolypeptide
DNA replciation
occurs befroe a cell divides
the flow of inforamtion in a cell proceeds
from DNA to RNA to protein
which of the following is not needed for DNA replication
ribosomes
which of the following processes occur in the cyotplasm of a eukaryotic ccell
translation
beadle and tatum showed that each kind of mutant bread mold lacked a specific enzyme. this experiment demonstrated that
genes carry inforamtion for makign protines
during the process of trnasltion (polypeptide syntheiss)__, matches a nucleic acid codon with the proper amino aicd
transfer RNA
how does RNA polymerase know where to start stranscribing a gene into mRNA
it strats at a certain nucleotide sequence called a promoter
when RNA is being made, the RNA base___ always pairs with the base_____ in DNA
u…. A
mutagen is
something that causes a mutation
how do retroviuses such as aHIV differ from othe rviruses
they contain RNA that is used as a template to make DNA
the primary difference between bacterial sex and sexual reporduction in plants and animals is that
bacterial sex does not produceoffspring
sometime sa bacteriophage transfrers a gene from bacterium to another. this process is called
transduction
which of the following are arranged in the correct order by size, from largest o smallest
chromsomes-gene-codon-nucleotide
a messenger RNA molecule for makigna prtoein is made in the nucleus and sent out to a ribosome. the ribosome reads teh mRNA message adn makes a prteoin containing 120 amino acids. the mRNA consisted of at least how mnay codon
120
imagine an error occruing during DNA replciation in a cell so that where there is supposed to be a T in one of the genes there is instead a G. what effect will this probably have on the cell
one of tis kinds of proteins might contain an incorrect amino acid
a partcular — carry the inforatmion for makign a partiular polypeptide, but ___ can be used to make any polypeptide
gnee ad mRNA…. a ribosomes and a tNRA
a sequenc eof pictures of polypeptide synthesis shows a ribosome holding two transfer RNAs. one trna has a polypeptde chain attached to it, the other trna has a single amino acid attache dot it. what doe sthe next picture show
the polypeptide chain moves over and bonds to the single amino acid
a microbiologist analyzed chemicals obtained from an enveloped Rna virus (similiar to a mumps virus) that infects monkeys> he found tha tth evirus envelope contained a protein characteristic of monkey cells. which of the following is the most likely explanation for this
the virus gets its envelope when it leaves its host cell
at one point as a cell carried out tis day-to-day activites, the nucleotides G A T were paired with the nucelotides C U A. This pairing occured
during transcription
which of the following does not take part in polypeptide synthessi
an intron
a microbiologist analyzed the DNA of E coli before and after conjugation. she found that
one cell gained genes, and the genes of the other were unchanged
the nucleotide sequence of a DNA codon is ACT. a messenger RNA molecule with a complementary codon is transcribed from the DNA. in the process of protein synthesis, a transfer RNA pairs with the mRNA codon. what is the nuceltodie sequence of the tRNA antidon
ACu
