Study Guide (DNA and RNA) #5

Question 1

an RNA or DNA molecule is a polymer made of subunits called

Answer 1

nucleotides

Question 2

the information carried by a DNA moelcuel is in

Answer 2

the order of the bases in the molecule

Question 3

a gene is

Answer 3

the information for makin g apolypeptide

Question 4

DNA replciation

Answer 4

occurs befroe a cell divides

Question 5

the flow of inforamtion in a cell proceeds

Answer 5

from DNA to RNA to protein

Question 6

which of the following is not needed for DNA replication

Answer 6

ribosomes

Question 7

which of the following processes occur in the cyotplasm of a eukaryotic ccell

Answer 7

translation

Question 8

beadle and tatum showed that each kind of mutant bread mold lacked a specific enzyme. this experiment demonstrated that

Answer 8

genes carry inforamtion for makign protines

Question 9

during the process of trnasltion (polypeptide syntheiss)__, matches a nucleic acid codon with the proper amino aicd

Answer 9

transfer RNA

Question 10

how does RNA polymerase know where to start stranscribing a gene into mRNA

Answer 10

it strats at a certain nucleotide sequence called a promoter

Question 11

when RNA is being made, the RNA base___ always pairs with the base_____ in DNA

Answer 11

u…. A

Question 12

mutagen is

Answer 12

something that causes a mutation

Question 13

how do retroviuses such as aHIV differ from othe rviruses

Answer 13

they contain RNA that is used as a template to make DNA

Question 14

the primary difference between bacterial sex and sexual reporduction in plants and animals is that

Answer 14

bacterial sex does not produceoffspring

Question 15

sometime sa bacteriophage transfrers a gene from bacterium to another. this process is called

Answer 15

transduction

Question 16

which of the following are arranged in the correct order by size, from largest o smallest

Answer 16

chromsomes-gene-codon-nucleotide

Question 17

a messenger RNA molecule for makigna prtoein is made in the nucleus and sent out to a ribosome. the ribosome reads teh mRNA message adn makes a prteoin containing 120 amino acids. the mRNA consisted of at least how mnay codon

Answer 17

120

Question 18

imagine an error occruing during DNA replciation in a cell so that where there is supposed to be a T in one of the genes there is instead a G. what effect will this probably have on the cell

Answer 18

one of tis kinds of proteins might contain an incorrect amino acid

Question 19

a partcular — carry the inforatmion for makign a partiular polypeptide, but ___ can be used to make any polypeptide

Answer 19

gnee ad mRNA…. a ribosomes and a tNRA

Question 20

a sequenc eof pictures of polypeptide synthesis shows a ribosome holding two transfer RNAs. one trna has a polypeptde chain attached to it, the other trna has a single amino acid attache dot it. what doe sthe next picture show

Answer 20

the polypeptide chain moves over and bonds to the single amino acid

Question 21

a microbiologist analyzed chemicals obtained from an enveloped Rna virus (similiar to a mumps virus) that infects monkeys> he found tha tth evirus envelope contained a protein characteristic of monkey cells. which of the following is the most likely explanation for this

Answer 21

the virus gets its envelope when it leaves its host cell

Question 22

at one point as a cell carried out tis day-to-day activites, the nucleotides G A T were paired with the nucelotides C U A. This pairing occured

Answer 22

during transcription

Question 23

which of the following does not take part in polypeptide synthessi

Answer 23

an intron

Question 24

a microbiologist analyzed the DNA of E coli before and after conjugation. she found that

Answer 24

one cell gained genes, and the genes of the other were unchanged

Question 25

the nucleotide sequence of a DNA codon is ACT. a messenger RNA molecule with a complementary codon is transcribed from the DNA. in the process of protein synthesis, a transfer RNA pairs with the mRNA codon. what is the nuceltodie sequence of the tRNA antidon

Answer 25

ACu