Study Guide (DNA and RNA) #3 Flashcards
transcription
occurs in nucleus of a eukaryotic cell
RNA polymeras
enzyme
carries out the process of transcribing RNA from DNA
start specific nucleotide sequence called promoter next to gene
promoter
specific nucleotide sequence
RNA nucleotides
take their places one at a time alon gthe DNA template
hydrogen bond with complementary bases
terminator
base sequence that signals the end of the gene
in prokaryote
rna is transcribed from a gene called mRNA, can be used immediately in polypeptide
in eukaryotic cell
RNA is furthur modified before leavign the nucleus as mrNA
modified
processed
introns
extra nucleotides are added to the ends of the transcript,
noncoding regions
exons
the remaing exons are spliced togehte rto form a continuous coding sequence
finished mrNA
leaves nucleus and enters cytoplasm
translation
occurs in cytoplasm
words of mRNA message into amino acid sequence protein
tRNA
interpreter
links appropritate amino acids with each codon in the mRNA message
folded strand of RNA
enzyme and tRNA
at one end, enzyme links the tRNA to a specific amino acid
three bases and tRNA
at other end of tRNA molecule bears three bases,
anticodon
three bases
complementary to a particular mRNA codon
during translation process (tRNA)
matches its amino acid with an mRNA codon
ribosomes
factories where the inforamtion in mRNA is translated and polypeptide chains are constructed
what are ribosomes consisted of
protein and rRNA
have groove that serves as a binding site for mRNA
P site
holds tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide
A site
holds a tRNA bearing the next amino acid
translation beings …
with initiation
start codon
where translation begins
specific mRNA codon
initiator tRNA and mRNA
bind to ribosome and a specific mRNA codon
generly carreis Met
fits into P site on ribosome
