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CS1101 > STUDY 1 > Flashcards

STUDY 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Large computers used for centralized information system

A

Mainframes

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2
Q

Computers used by one person

A

Microcomputers or PCs

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3
Q

Where data processing is performed

A

Processor or CPU

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4
Q

Measured by the number of cycles that occur per second

A

Processor Speed

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5
Q

Processors

A

MHz
Word
Word Size
Power

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6
Q

MHz stands for

A

millions of cycles per second

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7
Q

Hardwares and Processors

A

Mainframes
Microcomputers or PCs
Processors (CPUs)
Processor Speed

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8
Q

Is the measure of how many bits can be moved with one cycle of the processor

A

Word

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9
Q

Is how many characters, “A”, can be moved in a single cycle of the processor

A

Word Size

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10
Q

It is affected by both word size and processor speed

A

Power

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11
Q

Memory and Stage

A

Memory (Primary storage or RAM)
Fixed storage
Removable storage

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12
Q

It is the storage area on the computer’s circuit board

A

Memory (Primary storage or RAM)

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13
Q

Memory

A

Volatile

Extremely fast

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14
Q

RAM

A

random access-memory

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15
Q

It is permanently installed in the computer

A

Fixed storage

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16
Q

Removable storage

A 
Media-tape
Disk
CD
DVD
USB flash drive
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17
Q

Input devices

A

Human-captured data
Machine-captured data
Point-of-sale terminals

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18
Q

Refers to input captured by a person typing on a keyboard, clicking a mouse, speaking into a microphone, or a similar interaction

A

Human-captured data

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19
Q

Data captured by an electronic or mechanical device

A

Machine-captured data

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20
Q

Scanners used in retail stores

A

Point-of-sale terminals

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21
Q

Output Device

A

Monitor
Printers
Multimedia

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22
Q

Screen resolution (Monitor)

A

size 17-19’ diagonals

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23
Q

GUI

A

Graphic User Interface

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24
Q

Are like copier machines

A

Lasers

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25
Q

Spray ink

A

Ink-jets

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26
Q

It is the use of more than one medium at a time

A

Multimedia

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27
Q

Personal computing Devices

A

Cellphones with interactive messaging and video
Smart cell phones
GSM

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28
Q

Phones that perform tasks associated with PCs, i.e., Blackberry 7270, Treo 650

A

Smart cell phones

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29
Q

GSM

A

Global Systems for Mobile Communications

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30
Q

Digital cellular phone protocol

A

GSM

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31
Q

Software

A

System Software (OS)
Application Software
Prewritten Application Software

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32
Q

Performs certain tasks that all computers require

A

OS

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33
Q

OS

A

System Software

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34
Q

OS

A

Hardware interfaces, device drivers
Manage computer’s processes
OS-Windows XP, Unix, Mac OS X, Linux

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35
Q

Processes the user’s data

A

Application Software

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36
Q

It is produced by suppliers and sold to users

A

Prewritten application software

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37
Q

Application Software

A

Custom application software
User-written software in End-User Computing
User-friendly software

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38
Q

It is created by the user, such as Excel Macros, Access Wizards

A

User-written software in End-User Computing

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39
Q

It is computer software that is simple and intuitive to use

A

User-friendly software

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40
Q

It is the specification for formatting data to be transferred between communications equipment

A

Protocol

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41
Q

Public Connection

A

Telephone modems
ISDN
DSL

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42
Q

Communications

A 
Protocol
Public Communications
Packet
Cable modems
ATM
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43
Q

ISDN

A

Integrated Services Digital Network

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44
Q

DSL

A

Digital Subscriber Line

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45
Q

ATM

A

Asynchronous transfer mode

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46
Q

Piece of the total data to be communicated, includes sender and receiver addresses

A

Packet

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47
Q

Connect to the Internet via coaxial cable

A

Cable modems

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48
Q

Improve data transmission rates

Provides increased speed

A

ATM

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49
Q

It is a connection that is always connected

A

Circuit

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50
Q

It is a circuit that is always open to your communication traffic

A

Private line

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51
Q

_ line over 1.5 Mbps; _ at 43 Mbps

A

T-1

T-3

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52
Q

It is when the line is broken into separate lanes of communication

A

Multiplexed

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53
Q

VPN

A

Virtual Private Networks

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54
Q

Allow you to use the security and speed of a private line but still use the low-cost Internet

A

VPNs

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55
Q

Establishes the set of intermediary locations of the telephone equipment that will host a given data communications transfer

A

Tunneling software

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56
Q

It is attained because the tunnel is not established unless the sending and receiving computers authenticate one another

A

Privacy

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57
Q

Communication networks

A 
OSI
Terminal
SNA
Token ring
Ethernet
Data transmission crash
Data packet
TCP/IP
IP address
NIC
LANs
MAN
WANs
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58
Q

OSI

A

Open Systems Interconnection

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59
Q

Standard architecture for network connections established by the ISO

A

OSI

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60
Q

It is a device that has no storage or processor; it allows for entering and displaying data for the computer

A

Terminal

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61
Q

SNA

A

Systems Network Architecture

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62
Q

It is a protocol for large computers; it polls other computers connected by the network for transfers

A

SNA

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63
Q

Peer-to-peer protocol that allows each computer to act as its own controller

A

Token ring

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64
Q

It is an open protocol for peer-to-peer communication endorsed by __

A

Ethernet

IEEE

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65
Q

It is when two peer computers try to send data at the same time

A

Data transmission crash

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66
Q

Piece of the total data to be communicated, combined with the address of the destination computer, the sending computer, and other control information

A

Data packet

67
Q

TCP

A

Transmission Control Protocol

68
Q

IP

A

Internet Protocol

69
Q

It conducts communication over the network

A

TCP

70
Q

It handles the packets so they can be routed

A

IP

71
Q

It is a four-part set of numbers (each from 0-255) separated by periods

A

IP address

72
Q

NIC

A

Network Interface card

73
Q

It is used to attach a device to the communications medium

A

NIC

74
Q

LANs

A

Local Area Networks

75
Q

It is a group of computers and other devices that are connected together by a communications medium

A

LANs

76
Q

Medium used by LANs can be

A

Copper
Wireless
Fiber-optics

77
Q

LANs join computers that are physically together

A

same room or building
Total distance is less than 1/2 mile
60 ft between devices

78
Q

MAN

A

Metropolitan Area Network

79
Q

It is a network that has a physical distance limit of roughly 30 miles

A

MAN

80
Q

WANs

A

Wide area networks

81
Q

They are used to connect computers and other devices when the distance exceeds the constraints of LANs and MANs

A

WANs

82
Q

Uses common carrier, public telephone system

A

WANs

83
Q

They have been replaced by the Internet

A

WANs

84
Q

It is just a collection of networks that can be joined together; Public

A

Internet

85
Q

It uses the same network protocols as the Internet but limits accessibility to computer resources to a select group of persons in the organization

A

Intranet

86
Q

It is when the Intranets expanded to include users beyond the firm; Trusted customers and business partners

A

Extranet

87
Q

They are now incorporating features of the other into themselves

A

Computing devices and communications devices

88
Q

VoIP

A

Voice over Internet Protocol

89
Q

It is the routing of voice communications over the Internet as if they were digital communications

A

VoIP

90
Q

free software

A

www.skype.com

91
Q

The Data Hierarchy

A

Data field
Record
File
Database

92
Q

It is the smallest unit of data

A

Data field

93
Q

It is a collection of related data fields

A

Record

94
Q

It is a collection of related networks

A

File

95
Q

It is a collection of related files

A

Database

96
Q

Table of rows and columns that can be represented in a spreadheet

A

Database

97
Q

It is conceptually similar to a collection of related tables

A

Relational database structure

98
Q

It is a table that does no have repeating columns; 1st normal

A

Flat file

99
Q

It is a formal process for eliminating redundant data fields while preserving the ability of the database to add, delete, and modify records without causing errors

A

Normalization

100
Q

In a table is a field (or combination of fields) that contain a value that uniquely identifies each record in the table

A

Key

101
Q

It is a field that uniquely identifies each table row but is not the chosen key

A

Candidate key

102
Q

Relating tables is done through __ and the __ determines which rows in the tables are logically joined

A

Sharing a common field

Value of the field

103
Q

DBMS

A

Database management system

104
Q

It is a software application that stores the structure of the database, the data itself, relationships among data in the database, and forms and reports pertaining to the database

A

DBMS

105
Q

Self-describing set of related data

A

DBMS

106
Q

It is the logical integration of records across multiple physical location

A

Database concept

107
Q

Database

A 
Database
Relational database structure
Flat file
Normalization
Key
Candidate key
108
Q

Database Structures

A

DBMS

109
Q

Database concept

A

Database concept
Data independence
Data dictionary

110
Q

It is the ability to make changes in the data structure without making changes to the application programs that access the data

A

Data independence

111
Q

It includes the definition of the data stored within the database and controlled by the database management system

A

Data dictionary

112
Q

It is a key step in creating a database

A

Determine data that needs to be collected and stored

113
Q

Process-oriented approach/Problem-oriented approach

A 
Define the problem
Identify necessary decisions
Describe information needs
Determine the necessary processing
Specify data needs
114
Q

Determine Data Needs

A

Enterprise modelling approach

115
Q

It takes a broad view of the firm’s data resources; all areas are considered, and synergy of data resources between business areas can be leveraged

A

Enterprise modeling approach

116
Q

Result of Enterprise modeling approach

A

Enterprise data model

117
Q

Data modeling techniques

A

ERDs
Entity
Relationships
Class diagram

118
Q

ERDs

A

Entity-relationship diagrams

119
Q

It is a graphical representation of data in entities and the relationships between entities

A

ERDs

120
Q

It is a conceptual collection of related data fields

A

Entity

121
Q

It is defined between entities

A

Relationship

122
Q

One-to-one

A

1:1

123
Q

One-to-many

A

1:M

124
Q

Many-to-many

A

M:N

125
Q

Using the Database

A

Forms
Reports
QBE

126
Q

It show one record at a time can be used to add, delete, or modify database records

A

Forms

127
Q

Forms

A 
Navigation
Accuracy
Consistency
Filtering
Subforms
128
Q

It is an aggregated data from the database that are formatted in a manner that aids decision making

A

Reports

129
Q

It is a request for the database to display selected records

A

Queries

130
Q

QBE

A

Query-by-example

131
Q

It presents a standardized form that the user completes so the system can generate a true query

A

QBE

132
Q

Database Personnel

A

DBA
Database programmer
End User

133
Q

DBA

A

Database Administrator

134
Q

It is an expert in developing, providing, and securing databases

A

DBA

135
Q

Duties of DBA

A

Database planning
Database implementation
Database operation
Database security

136
Q

Writes code to strip and/or aggregate data from the database

High level of specialization and selection

A

Database programmer

137
Q

It generates reports and forms, post queries to the database, and use results from their database inquiries to make decisions that affect the firm and its environmental constituents

A

End user

138
Q

DBMS Advantages

A

Reduce data redudancy
Achieve data independence
Retrieve data and information rapidly

139
Q

DBMS Disadvantages

A

Obtain expensive software
Obtain a large hardware configuration
Hire and maintain a DBA staff

140
Q

IEEE

A

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

141
Q

General definition: collection of all firm’s computer-based data.
–Restrictive definition: collection of data under of the control database management software.

A

Database

142
Q

It includes field names, data types, number of decimal places, number of characters, default values and all other field descriptions.

A

Data field description

143
Q

first database management system; was developed by GE in 1964.

A

Integrated Data Store

144
Q

formed by data groups, subgroups, and further subgroups; worked well with the transaction processing systems; utilize computer resources efficiently.

A

Hierarchical structure

145
Q

developed to allow retrieval of specific records.

A

•Network Database Structure -

146
Q
  • the existence of data that is additional to the actual data and permits correction of errors in stored or transmitted data.
A

Data redundancy

147
Q

The closeness of results of observations to the true values or values accepted as being true.

A

Data accuracy

148
Q

Two primary goals of the database concept:

A

–to minimize data redundancy

–to achieve data independence.

149
Q

It wastes storage space, slows record processing, and invites data inconsistency.

A

Data redundancy

150
Q

It takes advantage of a broad view of the firm’s resource.

•Its weakness is the difficulty of linking the data of one business problem to that of another.

A

Enterprise Modeling Approach

151
Q

description of all of the firm’s data when engaged in enterprise data modeling

A

Enterprise Data Model

152
Q

It is used to describe both the data relationships and the actions that operate on the data

A

Class diagrams

153
Q
  • technique where both the data used in an application and the actions associated with the data can be graphically represented; one of the several object-oriented design models.
A

Class diagrams

154
Q
  • conceptual chunks of an information system.
A

Objects

155
Q

Class diagrams consist of _ class, _ in the class, and _ that act upon the class.

A

Named
fields
Actions

156
Q
  • code that relational database management systems use to perform their database tasks.
A

Structured Query Language (SQL)

157
Q

SQL as an important topic for 2 reasons:

A

–more databases have become more accessible.

–does not require overwhelming technical skills.

158
Q
  • enables the user to communicate with the data warehouse.
A

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

159
Q
  • refer to the family of concepts that view the firm’s data as a treasure box to be opened, examined and conquered.
A

Data mining, data warehousing and data marts

160
Q
  • attempts to answer questions by analyzing data usage and data commonality among different tables.
A

Knowledge discovery

161
Q
  • component of the DBMS maintains information that identifies what is being used, who is using it, when it is being used and so forth.
A

Performance statistics processor

162
Q
  • notes every database action taken as well as the exact time the action was taken.
A

Transaction log

163
Q
  • copy of the database for in case of emergencies.
A

Backup

CS1101 (9 decks)

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