Preliminary Flashcards
involves having a current knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses.
Computer Literacy
Because the requirements that determine ____ change as technology changes, you must keep up with these changes to remain computer literate.
Computer Literacy
Electronic machine operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory
Computer
Functions of a computer
Manipulates data
Accepts data
Produces results
Stores results
It is a collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video.
Data
It conveys meaning and is useful to people.
Information
Person who communicates with a computer or uses the information it generates
User
Information Processing Cycle
Input Process Output Storage Communication
4 types of hardware components
Input Device
Output Device
Storage Device
Communications Device
Input Device
Scanner Keyboard Microphone Webcam Mouse Touch screen Touch sensitive pad Stylus Graphic tablet Game controller Biometric Device Magnetic stripe card reader MICR RIFD Reader Barcode reader Optical mark recognition Trackball Pointing stick Digital pen Signature Capture Pad Graphics tablet Game pads Joysticks and Wheels Light Guns Dance Pads Motion-Sensing Game Controllers Guitar Balance Pad Digital Cameras Voice Input Voice Recognition Audio Input Video Input Web Cams Video Conferencing Biometrics Terminal DVD Kiosks
Output device
Printer Monitor (LCD, CRT, Plasma,) Speakers Headphone Earbuds Data Projector Interactive Whiteboard
Storage Device
Memory cards External hard disk System unit (processor, memory and storage device) Card reader/writer USB Flash Drive Hard disk drive
any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instructions into a computer.
Input device
An input device that contains keys you press to enter data into the computer
Keyboard
The most widely used pointing device on desktop computers
Mouse
Controls the movement of the pointer, also called the mouse pointer, on the screen
Mouse
It is a stationary pointing device with a ball on its top or side.
Trackball
To move the pointer using a trackball, you rotate the ball with your __
thumb, fingers, or the palm of your hand
It is a small, flat, rectangular pointing device that is sensitive to pressure and motion
Touchpad
It is a pressure-sensitive pointing device shaped like a pencil eraser that is positioned between keys on a keyboard
Pointing stick
It is a touch-sensitive display device.
Touch screen
Touch screens that recognize multiple points of contact at the same time are known as ___. Users can interact with touch screens by touching areas of the screen.
Multi-touch
Portable media players that do not have touch screens typically have a ___, which is an input device that enables users to scroll through and play music, view pictures, watch videos or movies, adjust volume, and/or customize settings
Touch Sensitive pad
It is a small metal or plastic device that looks like a tiny ink pen but uses pressure instead of ink.
Stylus
Which is slightly larger than a stylus, typically provides more functionality than a stylus, featuring electronic erasers and programmable buttons.
Digital pen
To capture a handwritten signature, a user writes his or her name on a ___ with a stylus or pen that is attached to the device
Signature capture pad
It is a flat, rectangular, electronic, plastic board.
Graphics tablet
Allows you to take pictures and store the photographed images digitally - no film.
Digital cameras
It is the process of entering input by speaking into a microphone. Uses of voice input include instant messaging that supports voice conversations, chat rooms that support voice chats, VoIP, and voice recognition.
Voice Input
also called speech recognition
Voice Recognition
It is the computer’s capability of distinguishing spoken words
Voice Recognition
It is the process of entering any sound into the computer such as speech, music, and sound effects
Audio Input
It is the process of capturing full-motion images and storing them on a computer’s storage medium such as a hard disk or optical disc.
Video Input
also called a PC video camera.
Webcams
It is a meeting between two or more geographically separated people who use a network or the Internet to transmit audio and video data
Video Conferencing
Devices that can capture data directly from a source document include
optical scanners, optical readers, bar code readers, RFID readers, magnetic stripe card readers, and magnetic-ink character recognition readers.
It is the technology of authenticating a person’s identity by verifying a personal characteristic.
Biometrics
It grant users access to programs, systems, or rooms by analyzing some physiological (related to physical or chemical activities in the body) or behavioral characteristic. Examples include fingerprints, hand geometry, facial features, voice, signatures, and eye patterns.
Biometric Devices
It is a computer, usually with limited processing power, that enables users to send data to and/or receive information from a host computer
Terminal
It is a self-service DVD rental machine that connects to a host computer through a network
DVD Kiosk
It is any hardware component that conveys information to one or more people.
Output Device
It is a desktop monitor that uses a liquid crystal display to produce images
LCD Monitor
They often have built-in LCD screens
Mobile computers and mobile devices
LCD
Liquid Crystal Display
It uses a liquid compound to present information on a display device.
LCD
They typically contain fluorescent tubes that emit light waves toward the liquid-crystal cells, which are sandwiched between two sheets of material.
Computer LCDs
It is a display device that uses gas plasma technology, which sandwiches a layer of gas between two glass plates
Plasma Monitor
It is a desktop monitor that contains a cathode-ray tube.
A CRT monitor
CRT
Cathode-ray tube
It is a large, sealed glass tube. The front of the tube is the screen.
CRT
Output device that produces text and graphics on paper
Printer
Result of printer
hard copy, or printout
TWO KINDS OF PRINTERS
Non-Impact and Impact Printers
It is a type of nonimpact printer that forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto a piece of paper
Ink-Jet Printers
It is a color printer that produces photo-lab-quality pictures
Photo printer
It is a high-speed, high-quality nonimpact printer.
Laser Printer
is a single device that looks like a printer or copy machine but provides the functionality of a printer, scanner, copy machine, and perhaps a fax machine.
A MULTIFUNCTION PERIPHERAL
ALSO CALLED AN ALL-IN-ONE DEVICE,
Multi-Function Peripheral
It generates images by pushing electrically heated pins against heat-sensitive paper.
THERMAL PRINTER
It is a small, lightweight, battery-powered printer that allows a mobile user to print from a notebook computer, or smart phone or other mobile device while traveling
Mobile Printer
They are sophisticated printers used to produce high-quality drawings such as blueprints, maps, and circuit diagrams.
Plotters
Using ink-jet printer technology, but on a much larger scale, this creates photo-realistic-quality color prints.
A LARGE-FORMAT PRINTER
Many users attach surround ___ to their computers to generate higher-quality sounds
SOUND SPEAKERS OR SPEAKER SYSTEMS
It’s cover or are placed outside of the ear,
Headphones
whereas they rest inside the
ear canal.
EARBUDS, or earphones
It is a device that functions as both headphones and a microphone.
Headset
It is a device that takes the text and images displaying on a computer screen and projects them on a larger screen so that an audience can see the image clearly.
Data Projector
It is a touch-sensitive device, resembling a dry-erase board, that displays the image on a connected computer screen.
Interactive Whiteboard
It is a hardware component that enables a computer to send (transmit) and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices.
Communications Devices
A widely used communications device
Modem
It is a case that contains electronic components of the computer that are used to process data
System Unit
Two main components on the motherboard
CPU
Memory
Also called a processor
CPU
CPU
Central Processing Unit
Carries out instructions that tell computer what to do
CPU
Temporary holding place for data and instructions
Memory
Advantages of using computers
Speed Consistency Reliability Storage Communications
When data, instructions, and information flow along electronic circuits in a computer, they travel at incredibly fast speeds.
Speed
Many computers process billions or trillions of operations in a single second.
Speed
Given the same input and processes, a computer will produce the same results — consistently.
Consistency
Computers generate error-free results, provided the input is correct and the instructions work.
Consistency
The electronic components in modern computers are dependable and reliable because they rarely break or fail.
Reliability
Computers store enormous amounts of data and make this data available for processing anytime it is needed.
Storage
Most computers today can communicate with other computers, often wirelessly.
Communications
Disadvantages of using Computer
Violation of privacy Impact on labor force Public Safety Health risks Impact on environment
In many instances, where personal and confidential records stored on computers were not protected properly, individuals have found their privacy violated and identities stolen.
Violation of Privacy
Although computers have improved productivity and created an entire industry with hundreds of thousands of new jobs, the skills of millions of employees have been replaced by computers. Thus, it is crucial that workers keep their education up-to-date.
Impact on labor force
That some companies are outsourcing jobs to foreign countries instead of keeping their homeland labor force employed.
Impact on labor force
Adults, teens, and children around the world are using computers to share publicly their photos, videos, journals, music, and other personal information. Some of these unsuspecting, innocent computer users have fallen victim to crimes committed by dangerous strangers.
Public Safety
Prolonged or improper computer use can lead to health injuries or disorders.
Health Risks
Computer users can protect themselves from health risks through proper workplace design, good posture while at the computer, and appropriately spaced work breaks.
Health Risks
Two behavioral health risks are
computer addiction and technology overload.
It occurs when someone becomes obsessed with using a computer.
Computer addiction
Individuals suffering from ___feel distressed when deprived of computers and mobile devices.
technology overload
also called a PROGRAM
Software
is a series of related instructions, organized for a common purpose, that tells the computer what task(s) to perform and how to perform them.
Software
You interact with a program through its __
User Interface
(GUI pronounced gooey)
graphical user interface
you interact with the software using text, graphics, and visual images such as icons.
GUI
The two categories of software are
SYSTEM SOFTWARE AND APPLICATION SOFTWARE.
consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices.
System Software
It serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computer’s hardware.
System Software
Two types of system software are the
operating system and utility programs.
It is a set of programs that coordinates all the activities among computer hardware devices.
Operating System
It allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its program
Utility Program
It consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks.
Application Software
Install Computer Software
Install
Run
Use
Also called a developer
Programmer
is someone who develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information.
Programmer
They use a programming language or program development tool to create computer programs.
Programmer
It is a computer that can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself.
Personal Computer
