Structure + Design Flashcards
What are the 3 components of the structure and design of circulatory system.
- blood
- blood vessels
- heart (pump)
What is another name for red blood cells
- Erythrocytes
in all non-mammals, RBC are _____
nucleated
Red blood cells usually have ____
- hemoglobin (red)
RBC are larger in ______
- elasmobranchs
RBC size decreases with _____ _____. Why?
- activity level
- lower diffusion distance
- greater exchange SA
What is haematocrit?
- packed RBC volume
- reflects O2 demands
- % RBC/Vol
RBC arise from ____
- haemocytoblast precursors as immature RBC or WBC
Do fish have bone marrow?
- No
What do haemopoetic tissues do?
- make new blood cells
What is the haemopoetic tissue in lampreys?
- fatty tissue above nerve cord
What is the haemopoetic tissue in sharks?
- leydig organ in esophagus
- epigonal organ near gonads
What is the haemopoetic tissue in teleosts?
- spleen and kidney
What is MCHC (mean cell hematocrit conc.)
Hemoglobin[Hb] concentration (o2 bind)
What is normochromic?
- normal [Hb]
What is hypochromic?
- low [Hb]
What are 6 effectors of blood cell production?
- life stage
- environment
- activity level
- gender
- season (temp change)
- pollutants (chlorine/metals)
Pollutants ____ Hct
- decrease
What does it mean to be anemic?
- low hematocrit (blood %)
What are the major characteristics of Haemoglobin?
- metalloprotein (heme group)
- reversible O2 binding
- 4 subunits (tetrameric
- Cooperative O2 binding
What does reversible O2 binding mean?
- Hold + release O2 (important for loading/unloading)
What does cooperative O2 binding do?
- increases affinity for binding of O2 to other subunits
- increases affinity as more bind
What shape does O2-Hb binding graph follow?
- sigmoidal
What volume is 100% saturation of O2?
- 20 volumes % O2 (95% of O2)
Where does the remaining % of oxygen go?
- dissolved in plasma
