Structure and function of skin Flashcards
What are the 3 layers of the skin?
epidermis
dermis
hypodermis
What are the features of the epidermis?
- avascular epithelium
- undergoes proliferation
- synthesises keratin
What are the features of the dermis?
- vascular
- collagen and elastic fibres not replaced by nerves
What are the features of the hypodermis?
- superficial fascia
- vascular
What are the main functions of skin?
homeostasis
protection
sensory information
What are the 5 layers of the epidermis and their function?
- S. Corneum - water proof
- S. Lucidum - cell death
- S. Granulosum - keratin aggregation
- S. Spinosum - IF linkage via desmosomes
- S. Basale - cell division
What is the function of filaggrin?
- maintains skin barrier
- aids keratin filament aggregation
- inhibits water loss
Where are melanocytes found?
basal layer of epidermis
What is the function of melanocytes?
- synthesise and release melanin
- absorbs UV and prevents DNA damage to underlying cells
What are Langerhans cells?
- antigen processing and presentation
- derived from monocytes
What is the dermis made up of?
papillary dermis
reticular dermis
What is the function of the hypodermis?
- support
- vitamin D production
What is a pilosebaceous unit composed of?
hair follicle
sebaceous glands
hair shaft
arrector pilli
Where are eccrine sweat glands found?
the dermis and the superficial fascia
Where are apocrine sweat glands found?
the axillae and genital region
