Joints and muscles Flashcards
What are examples of fibrous joints?
the suture joints of the skull and teeth
What are examples of primary cartilaginous joints?
costal cartilages and ribs
What are examples of secondary cartilaginous joints?
joints of the sternum
intervertebral discs
pubic symphysis
What are examples of synovial joints?
between skin and bone/tendons and bones
What are the features of synovial joints?
- fibrous capsules consist of collagen fibres
- articular cartilage
- synovial membrane
- intra-articular disc
- bursae
- synovial sheaths
What are synovial sheaths?
specialised bursae that surround tendons where they are subject to pressure
What are factors that influence the stability of a joint?
- shape of the bone
- strength and position of the surrounding ligaments
- tone of the surrounding ligaments
What is the difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis?
osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease and rheumatoid is autoimmune
What are the two types of fascia in muscle?
superficial
deep
What is the structure of muscle fibres?
epimysium - dense sheath on the surface
perimysium - lies between the fasiculi
endomysium - separates the muscle fibres
What is a ligament?
tough bands of tissue that connect the ends of bones together
What is a tendon?
tough band of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone
