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Anatomy > Introduction to the nervous system > Flashcards

Introduction to the nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the CNS?

A

brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

What makes up the PNS?

A

cranial and spinal nerves

ganglia

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3
Q

What are the basic building blocks of the nervous system?

A

neurons and glia

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4
Q

What is the sensory division of the nervous system?

A

afferent

- information is going towards the CNS

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5
Q

What is the motor division of the nervous system?

A

efferent

- information is going from the CNS to the effector organs

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6
Q

What are the two types of efferent systems?

A

somatic - voluntary

autonomic - involuntary

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7
Q

What can the autonomic system be split into?

A

sympathetic - thoracolumbar region

parasympathetic - craniosacral region

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8
Q

How is the CNS protected?

A

the meninges encloses the brain and spinal cord

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9
Q

What are the three layers of the meninges?

A

dura
arachnoid
pia

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10
Q

What is CSF?

A

cerebrospinal fluid

- circulates in the subarachnoid space and provides protection

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11
Q

What are the parts of the brain?

A

cerebrum
diencephalon
brain stem
cerebellum

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12
Q

What are the four lobes of the cerebrum?

A

frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal

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13
Q

What are the functions of the four lobes of the cerebrum?

A

frontal - motor
parietal - sensory
occipital - vision
temporal - auditory

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14
Q

What are sulci?

A

inholdings of the cerebral hemispheres that form ‘valleys’ between the gyri

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15
Q

What are gyri?

A

ridges of the infolded cerebral cortex

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16
Q

What is the diencephalon divided into?

A

thalamus

hypothalamus

17
Q

What are the functions of the hypothalamus?

A
  • maintains water balance
  • regulates thirst and eating
  • activity of the pituitary gland
  • GI activity
18
Q

What are the parts of the brain stem?

A

midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata

19
Q

What is the structure of the cerebellum?

A

consists of 2 hemispheres and connects to the brain stem by cerebellar peduncles

20
Q

How many spinal nerves are there?

A

31 paired spinal nerves

21
Q

What is the location breakdown of the spinal nerves?

A 
cervical - 8
thoracic - 12
lumbar - 5
sacral - 5
coccygeal - 1

Anatomy (18 decks)

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