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Endo Exam 2 > Structure and Compartmentation - Pelvis and Perineum II > Flashcards

Structure and Compartmentation - Pelvis and Perineum II Flashcards

1
Q

contents of pelvis

A

urinary tract elements
GI tract elements
reproductive organs

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2
Q

urinary tract elements pelvis

A

most anterior structure
pelvic portion of ureter
urinary bladder

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3
Q

GI tract elements in pelvis

A

most posterior structures

rectum and anus

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4
Q

repro organs in pelvis

A

between UT and GI elements

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5
Q

male repro organs in pelvis

A

pelvic portion of vas deferens
seminal vesicles
prostate gland

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6
Q

female repro organs in pelvis

A

vagina
uterus
uterine tube
ovaries

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7
Q

endopelvic fascia

A

membranous lining and loose CT

covers and surrounds pelvic contents
fills space between peritoneum and muscles

between peritoneum and muscles

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8
Q

peritoneum

A

does not contact floor

  • draped over superior aspect of pelvic structures
  • distinctive folds and pouches form
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9
Q

rectovesical pouch

A

in male

between rectum and bladder

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10
Q

rectouterine pouch

A

between rectum and uterus

in female

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11
Q

vesicouterine pouch

A

in female

between superior aspect of urinary bladder and uterus

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12
Q

most common site of fertilization

A

uterine tube

fimbrae that don’t catch eggs - may go to peritoneal cavity

sperm, bacteria, etc.
-go to rectouterine pouch

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13
Q

broad ligament

A

from paramesonephric ducts

formed during formation of uterus and vagina

laterally across pelvis, folded over uterus

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14
Q

perineum

A

area between coccyx and pubis

used to refer central tendon of female

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15
Q

boundaries of perineum

A

anterior - pubis
lateral - ischiopubic rami, ischial tuberosities
posterior - coccyx and caudal sacrum
posterolateral - sacrotuberous ligament
superior - pelvic diaphragm
inferior - skin posteriorly, fascia anteriorly

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16
Q

UG diaphragm

A

stretches anteriorly between two ischiopubic rami creating urogenital and anal regions

voluntary muscles than span UG triangle

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17
Q

divisions of perineum

A

anal triangle

urogenital triangle

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18
Q

boundaries of anal triangle

A

anterior - UG diaphragm
posterior - boundaries of perineum
lateral - ischiopubic rami and obturator internus below arcus tendinus
superior - roof of anal triangle formed by inferior aspect of pelvic diaphragm
inferior - skin and superficial fascia of perineum

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19
Q

perineal membrane

A

inferior to UG diaphragm muscles

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20
Q

muscles of UG diaphragm

A

sphincter urethrae m.
comoressor urethrae
deep transvers perineal m.

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21
Q

sphincter urethrae m.

A

surrounds membranous urethrae

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22
Q

compressor urethrae

A

extends laterally from sphincter

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23
Q

deep transverse perineal m.

A

posterior to sphincter urethrae muscle

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24
Q

femal sphincter urethrae

A

aka urethrovaginalis

-surrounds vagina as well as urethra

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25
deep dorsal vein to penis or clitoris
runs anterior to UG diaphragm
26
superficial perineal space
below UG diaphragm erectile bodies, muscles, vessels, nerves
27
deep perineal space
within UG diaphragm | muscles of UG diaphragm, vessels, nerves
28
superior fascia of UG diaphragm
transversalis fascia
29
inferior fascia of UG diaphragm
perineal membrane - colles fascia
30
moving external to internal through perineum
``` skin superficial fascia - campers and colles superior perineal space and contents perineal membrane deep perineal space and contents superior fascia of UG diaphragm ischioanal fossa pelvic diaphragm (levator ani m.) extraperitoneal CT peritoneum peritoneal space in pelvis ```
31
ischioanal fossa
filled with adipose tissue
32
boundaries of ischioanal fossa
superior - pelvic diaphragm inferior - skin of perineum posterior - R and L ischioanal fossa communicate anterior - components of external anal sphincter and UG diaphragm fuse anterior recesses - anteriorly between levator ani and urogenital diaphragm
33
vas deferens
cross anterior to ureter
34
pelvic ureter
crosses iliac vessels anteriorly
35
uterine artery in female
crosses ureter anteriorly/superiorly don't want to ligate ureter
36
ureter in bladder
for about 2cm opens at urethral orifices no valves pressure on bladder closes intramural ureters -during urination and distension of bladder
37
detrusor muscle
PS autonomics | to bladder
38
vascular supply to pelvic ureter
common iliac a internal iliac a male - inferior vesical a female - uterine or inferior vesical a venous drainage follows arteries
39
surfaces of bladder
superior 2x inferolateral inferoposterior ureter - where superior and inferolateral borders join goes down to neck base - meeting of two inferolateral surfaces
40
apex of bladder
junction of inferolateral and superior surfaces | -urachus - origin of median umbilical ligament
41
superior lateral angles of bladder
where ureters enter bladder
42
neck of bladder
internal urethra openings | junction of inferolateral surface and inferoposterior surface
43
trigone
2 ureteric orifices and urethral orifice
44
trigonal muscle
sympathetic innervation smooth m. prevent retrograde urine flow
45
bladder blood supply
superior vesical a - from umbilical a - major supply middle vesical a. - from superior vesical a. - variable from superior vesical or deferential a. inferior vesical a. - from anterior division of internal iliac a. - in males (vaginal a in females)
46
vesical
term for bladder
47
venous drainage of urinary bladder
does not correspond to arteries drains deep plexus around base and neck prostatic plexus of male vesico-vaginal of female drains with deep dorsal v of penis to internal iliac v
48
male urethra
``` 4 parts: intramural prostatic membranou (through UG diaphragm) penile (aka spongy) ```
49
penile urethra dilations?
``` in bulb (bulbar portion) in glans (fossa navicularis) ```
50
external orifice of urethra
opening through glans | least extensible portion of urethra
51
2 glands into penile urethra
bulbourethra (cowpers) - into bulbar portion) urethral glands of littre - proximal 2/3 spongy body - numerous small glands
52
female uretha
shorter 2 parts superior portion -surrounded by urethral glands -paraurethral glands correspond to prostate in male membranous - pierces urogenital diaphragm
53
rectum
terminal 6-8" of large bowel 3rd sacral vertebrae -rectosigmoid junction
54
rectosigmoid junction
SV3
55
rectum vs. sigmoid
lacks mesocolon - rectum is retroperitoneal -sigmoid is peritonealized tenia coli spread out forms longitudinal muscle surrounds entire rectum
56
2 portions of rectum
rectum proper | anal canal
57
palpable in male from rectum
``` posterior surface of bladder seminal vesicles distal vas deferens prostate sacrum, coccyx, ischial spines ```
58
peritoneum on rectum
only ventral rectum
59
palpable in female from rectum
rectouterine pouch cervix, vagina, sacrum, coccyx, ischial spines
60
anal verge
stratified squamous non-keratinized to keratinized
61
features of rectum
``` transverse rectal fold - 3x rectal column anal valves pectinate line -formed by anal valves and base of rectal columns ```
62
vasculature of rectum
superior rectal a. - single branch from IMA - divides near rectosigmoid junction - R/L branches middle rectal a. -from internal iliac (anteiror division) inferior rectal a. - anal canal -from internal pudendal arteries
63
vascualar drainage at pectinate line
above - middle and superior rectal vv | below - inferior rectal vv
64
lymph drainage at pectinate line
above - pelvic nodes | below - inguinal nodes
65
innervation at pectinate line
above - autonomic | below - somatic
66
epithelium at pectinate line
above - GI tract mucosa | below - skin

Endo Exam 2 (17 decks)

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