Stroke syndromes

Question 1

Wallenberg syndrome?

Answer 1

aka Lateral medullary syndrome
Due to infarction of part of the lateral medulla and inferior cerebellum
Causes ipsilateral unsteadiness, vertigo, vomiting, Horner’s syndrome
Right sided loss of pain and sensation

Question 2

S and S of left MCA stroke?

Answer 2

Aphasia
Right hemiparesis/hemisensory disturbance
Right homonymous hemianopia
Left head and gaze preference

Question 3

S and S of right MCA stroke?

Answer 3

Left hemispatial neglect
Left hemiparesis/hemisensory disturbance
Left homymous hemianopia
Right head and gaze preference
Anosognosia (lacl of insight/awareness)

Question 4

S and S of left posterior cerebral artery stroke?

Answer 4

Right visual field defect
Impaired reading with intact writing (alexia without agraphia)
Poor colour naming
Right hemisensory disturbance

Question 5

S and S of Right posterior cerebral artery stroke?

Answer 5

Left visual field defect
Visual neglect
Left hemisensory disturbance

Question 6

S and S of vertebrobasilar stroke?

Answer 6

Dizziness
Vertigo
Nausea
Diplopia
Quadrparesis
Crossed motor or sensory findings (ipsilateral face, contrlateral body)
Truncal or limb ataxia
Visual loss/dimming
Impaired consciousness

Question 7

S and S of penetrating artery distribution stroke in:
internal capsule/corna radiata
ventral pons
thalamus

Answer 7

internal capsule/corna radiata
- contralateral hemiparesis alone (pure motor stroke) OR contralateral hemiparessis + ataxia out of proportion to weakness (ataxic haemaparesis)

ventral pons
- as above

thalamus
- pure sensory loss, contralateral

Question 8

What does the Clock drawing test assess?

Answer 8

Measure of spatial dysfunction and neglect

When combined with MMSE is a sensitive tool for detection of cognitive and executive function deficits in various neuro conditions