Stroke Flashcards
Stroke
occurs when there is ischemia to a part of the brain that results in brain cells
Stroke precursor
coronary artery disease
Factors effecting blood flow to brain
systemic BP
cardiac output
blood viscosity
Collateral Circulation
another way that the body compensates or manages risk factors
more than one way for the brain to be perfused
Risk factors of Stroke
Non-modifiable
- age (>65)
- gender (male)
- race
- family hx
Modifiable
- smoking
- alcohol
- obesity
- inactivity
- high cholesterol
- oral contraceptives
Contributing factors of stroke
HTN!!!!
Diabetes, Heart disease
Crushing triad
What stroke causes
Increased SBP
Decreased P
Decreased RR
Ischemic strokes
TIA
Thrombotic
Embolic
Hemorrhagic strokes
Intracerebral
Subarachnoid
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
precursor to ischemic stroke
temporary loss of neuro function
caused by microemboli
Thrombotic
narrowing of artery by plaque that blocks the passage of blood
symptoms slow
Embolic
Blood clot or other debris circulating in blood and then lodges
symptoms are sudden
Intracerebral
occurs during activity
HTN risk factor
sudden onset with progressive symptoms b/c of bleeding
Subarachnoid
intracranial bleeding into CSF space
rupture of cerebral aneurysm
Manifestations of stroke
Motor function (akinesia/swallowing)
Affect (emotions)
Spatial receptable alteration (agnosia apraxia)
Elimination
Diagnostics Stroke
CT
MRI
CTA (vasculature of brain)
Cerebral carotid angiography
Lab work stroke
troponin, lipid profile
Further assessment diagnostics
ECG
Chest x-ray
cardiac markers
echocardiograms
Collaborative Care
lifestyle changes
Pharmacological
Surgical
Goal: preserving life, preventing further brain damage, reduce disability
Pharmacological interventions
antiplatelet
anti-cholesterol (statins)
Surgical interventions
carotid enterectomy
transluminal angioplasty
stenting
extracranial-intracranial bypass
Increased ICP interventions
elevate HOB
provide O2
promote rest and reduce stimulation
avoid postures that restrict venous return
