Streptococci

Question 1

Streptococcus Classification is based on _____.

List the classifications.

Answer 1

Hemolysis Pattern

1. Alpha- partial hemolysis, green
2. Beta- complete hemolysis, clear
3. Gamma- no zone of clearing

Species level Classification (biochemical reactions/enzymes, DNA sequence)

Question 2

Diseases caused by Group A Strep (GAS) and treatments:

Answer 2

• PANTS SC*
  1. Pharyngitis (strep)- penicillin
  2. Acute Rheumatic Fever- penicillin
  3. Necrotizing Fasciitis- surgical removal, antibiotics
  4. Toxic Shock
  5. Skin/Soft Tissue infection- topical antibiotics
  6. Scarlet Fever
  7. Cellulitis

Question 3

Difference between suppurative and non-suppurative diseases caused by GAS.

Answer 3

Suppurative (Pus) Diseases- caused by direct damage to organism

Non-Suppurative Diseases- late manifestations, autoimmune diseases

Question 4

Most common diseases caused by Group B strep (GBS)

Answer 4

1. Neonatal Sepsis

2. Meningitis

Question 5

Disease caused by Enterococci:

Challenges of treating this?

Answer 5

Nosocomial Opportunistic Infections

Worlds Toughest Pathogenic Bacteria

1. Grow in high salt concentrations and detergents (bile)
2. Inhibited, not killed by penicillin
3. Resistance to most antibiotics
4. Antibiotic synergism required to kill (penicillin and aminoglycoside)

Question 6

______ is the most common cause of Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis for patients with heart diseases/abnormal valves. It is introduced to the blood stream by _____. Symptoms include fever, chills, muscle aches, abdominal pain, heart murmur.

Answer 6

Viridans Streptococci

Brushing, flossing, dental procedures