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Contemporary Urban Environments > Strategies For Devloping More Sustainable Cities > Flashcards

Strategies For Devloping More Sustainable Cities Flashcards

1
Q

What does the UN define sustainable development as?

A

Development which aims to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

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2
Q

What 3 features does a sustainable city have that relate to its long term future (this is ideally problem free)?

A

The environment is not damaged.
The economic base is sound with resources allocated fairly and jobs that are secure.
Strong sense of community, with local people involved in making decisions.

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3
Q

What are 6 considerations when seeking sustainability?

A 
Housing developments
Historic and natural environment
Reduction and disposal of waste
Provision of adequate open spaces
Involvement of local people
Production of an efficient transport system
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4
Q

What are housing developments in general designed to be?

A

They are designed to be energy efficient through insulation and other mechanisms. They also need to be water efficient and reuse rainwater so sedum is used on roofs.

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5
Q

What do communities have to be built with access to?

A

Communities have to have access to open spaces, facilities, services and public transport systems.

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6
Q

What three types of land use have to be conserved and how?

A

Industrial, commercial and cultural areas have to be conserved. The use of buildings can change but the architecture shouldn’t. This has happened in Liverpool.

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7
Q

What are councils trying to encourage in regards to greenfield and brownfield sites?

A

Reduced construction on greenfield and increased construction on brownfield instead.

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8
Q

How many tonnes of waste was produced in the UK by 2000?

A

330million tonnes of waste a year.

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9
Q

In 2000, what was the majority of waste from?

A

It was mainly from mining and quarrying.

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10
Q

What percentage of waste was recycled in 2004?

A

18%

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11
Q

What was the percentage increase target that the government set to achieve by 2010?

A

40% of waste should be recycled by 2010.

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12
Q

When was the plastic bag charged introduced?

A

5/10/15

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13
Q

How is the majority of waste disposed of?

A

By incineration or landfill.

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14
Q

Why is landfill space running out in the UK?

A

This is because it is a more popular method of waste disposal.

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15
Q

Who chooses green belt land?

A

Local authorities.

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16
Q

Which UK city could be the first urban national park?

A

London

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17
Q

What tends to happen when local people are involved in decision making?

A

They feel more involved and so respond positively.

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18
Q

What happens before decisions about constructions are made?

A

There is a consultation period before decisions are made as well as surveys.

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19
Q

What do residents form in order to have a stronger voice against the construction of housing?

A

They form associations such as the Adel Neighbourhood Forum

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20
Q

What type of transport reduces sustainability?

A

Private transport

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21
Q

What do public transport systems need to be?

A

They need to be efficient, reliable and comfortable.

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22
Q

How did London prepare its transport networks for the London 2012 Olympics?

A

It extended the underground and overground and there were also bus improve,nets to reduce overcrowding.

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23
Q

What is an example of a sustainable housing scheme?

A

Bedzed housing, South East London.

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30
Q

Which way do the houses face?

A

They face south.

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32
Q

What captures the wind on the roof?

A

Vents

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33
Q

This scheme is the first of its kind to be built where?

A

It was the first of its kind to be built in the UK.

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33
Q

Where is the energy generated for the homes?

A

It was designed to use only energy from renewable sources that was generated onsite.

33
Q

True or false: the housing development was not carbon neutral?

A

False the housing development is carbon neutral.

33
Q

What do the homes have to avoid using air conditioning in summer?

A

Air vents

33
Q

Why don’t the homes need air conditioning or central heating?

A

They have thick walls and so are well insulated.

33
Q

What is the roof covered in and why?

A

The roof is covered in sedum which provides a habitat for micro ecosystems. It also retains rainwater and releases it slowly.

33
Q

What source of energy is generated from the sun in bedZED?

A

Solar panels are used to generate solar energy.

33
Q

Has water been considered in the development of bedZED?

A

Yes, the site is water efficient.

34
Q

If everyone on Earth had the same lifestyle as a European, how many planets would we need to sustain this lifestyle?

A

3 planets

35
Q

When did BedZED development start?

A

1997

36
Q

On what type of site was BedZED built?

A

It was built on brownfield land. The site was a derelict former sewage works.

37
Q

Where were heavy materials brought in from for BedZED?

A

They were all relatively local with 52% of materials brought in within a 35mile radius.

38
Q

What type of materials did the BedZED scheme try to use?

A

Recycled, reused and reclaimed materials.

39
Q

What two key things is the BedZED development near to?

A

It is near to schools and transport.

40
Q

How thick is the insulation in BedZED?

A

300mm

41
Q

Where did the double glazed windows come from and why for BedZED?

A

The windows came from Denmark because of their specification.

42
Q

How did the BedZED development try to reduce?

A

It tried to reduce the UHI.

43
Q

How did BedZED try to reduce the UHI?

A

It did it by planting trees and having lots of vegetation.

44
Q

By how much did the BedZED scheme reduce its demand for electricity by?

A

25%

45
Q

The scheme cut the cost of heating for BedZED residents by what percentage?

A

It cut it by 90%

46
Q

What is the appliance rating in BedZED homes?

A

A

47
Q

How many cars can the BedZED development charge?

A

It can charge up to 40 electric cars at a time.

48
Q

What is used for BedZEDs energy?

A

Woodchip.

49
Q

What is used for BedZED heating?

A

A biomass boiler.

50
Q

What type of light bulbs were used in BedZED?

A

The light bulbs used were energy efficient.

51
Q

What water management has taken place at BedZED?

A

The development recycles water for into irrigation and toilets, it also has a water consumption that is half of the national average.

52
Q

What two things allow the percolation of water in Bedzed?

A

There is sedum on the roofs and there is permeable blocking where there is no cement between paving stones to allow percolation.

53
Q

What statistic shows the amount of social cohesion in BedZED?

A

Residents know about 20 of their neighbours compared to the average of 8.

54
Q

True or false: BedZED allows you to work on site?

A

This is true.

55
Q

What club does BedZED have?

A

It has a car club where you can share a car.

56
Q

What des the BedZED site have to encourage cycling?

A

It has a cycling storage space.

57
Q

What are the two key things that have been learnt at BedZED?

A

The combined heater power plant failed so they had to come up with a solution to that and also cost effectiveness.

58
Q

What was The Greenhouse (Leeds) originally and when?

A

It was a working men’s hostel in the 1930s but it became derelict.

59
Q

Is The Greenhouse a greenfield or brownfield site?

A

It is a brownfield site.

60
Q

What can be found in The Greenhouse and what does this mean for some residents?

A

The Greenhouse has both offices and eco flats so some resident don’t need to commute.

61
Q

What provides some of the energy for The Greenhouse?

A

Solar panels and wind turbines.

62
Q

What is an energy saving feature on the lights in The Greenhouse?

A

The lights have sensors and only turn on when people are in the area.

63
Q

How many bedrooms are the apartments in The Greenhouse?

A

They are 1-3 bedrooms.

64
Q

What are 3 amenities of The Greenhouse?

A

Allotments, a central courtyard and a gym.

65
Q

How may awards has The Greenhouse won?

A

The Greenhouse has won over 30 regional and national awards for design, sustainability and innovation.

Contemporary Urban Environments (24 decks)

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