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Contemporary Urban Environments > Leeds > Flashcards

Leeds Flashcards

1
Q

What is the population of Leeds?

A

751,500 (2011)

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2
Q

Where does the River Aire flow?

A

It flows across the city and across the river at there is Call Lane, a redeveloped industrial area.

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3
Q

Where does there tend to be more green space?

A

The further away from the CBD, the more green space.

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4
Q

Where are most houses located?

A

Houses tend to be on the outskirts of the city centre.

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5
Q

What type of structure does Leeds have?

A

It has a ring structure.

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6
Q

What have most of the primary and secondary industry jobs been replaced by since 1945?

A

They have been replaced by tertiary and quaternary jobs.

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7
Q

What percent of the workforce is in the financial services sector?

A

25%

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8
Q

True or false: Leeds is the largest financial centre in England.

A

False, Leeds is the largest financial centre in England, outside of London.

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9
Q

List 9 key job types in Leeds:

A 
Banking 
Advertisement
Accountancy
Pensions
Internet development
Market research
Legal
Insurance
Recruitment
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10
Q

What areas do new jobs tend to be in?

A

Finance
Marketing
Management
Public relations

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11
Q

Why is there a lack of jobs in manufacturing in Leeds?

A

This is because of deindustrialisation.

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12
Q

What type of housing has been demolished in Leeds?

A

Type 1 Victorian housing.

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13
Q

What type of homes have gone as a result of post war redevelopment?

A

Old terraced communities.

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14
Q

How many back to back properties are still in Leeds?

A

Back to back houses are still common with around 30,000 in Leeds.

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15
Q

Which regeneration project in Leeds is thought to be one of Europe’s largest city centre regeneration projects?

A

The regeneration of South Bank which will involve the construction of 4000 new homes and plans to double the size of Leeds city centre as well as create 35,000 new jobs.

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16
Q

What is a good example of a past regeneration scheme in Leeds?

A

Victoria Quarter

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17
Q

When was the original Victoria Quarter built?

A

Around the 1900s

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18
Q

Which theatre did the Victoria Quarter boast and when did the theatre become fire damaged?

A

The Victoria Theatre boasted the Empire Theatre which was fire damaged in 1950s.

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19
Q

When did the arcade close?

A

It closed in the 1960s.

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20
Q

When was Victoria Quarter redeveloped?

A

It was redeveloped between 1989 and 1996.

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21
Q

What does the arcade contain that was produced by the public?

A

It contains public artwork such as mosaics and gates.

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22
Q

What type of shops does Victoria Quarter contain?

A

It contains high end, high order shops like Louis Vuitton.

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23
Q

Why wasn’t the theatre rebuilt in the original redevelopment?

A

It wasn’t rebuilt originally due to budget constraints however, the increased income as a result of regeneration meant that the theatre was rebuilt later.

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24
Q

What shop has since replaced the theatre?

A

Harvey Nichols

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25
Q

What percentage of the population identified white as being their ethnic group in 2011?

A

85.1%

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26
Q

What percentage of the population identified Asian or Asian British as their ethnicity in 2011?

A

7.75%

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27
Q

Is social segregation increasing or decreasing?

A

Social segregation is decreasing as there is a decrease in the percentage of white people living in Leeds.

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28
Q

Where is most of the deprivation in Leeds?

A

It is in the outskirts of the CBD, mainly in the south and west.

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29
Q

What is a potential reason for the northern part of the city being less deprived?

A

These areas may be dominated by more wealthier people with tertiary and quaternary sector jobs who can afford to live in more expensive, larger houses in the suburbs.

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30
Q

What rank did Leeds achieve for the best area in the UK in 2013 for quality of life?

A

Leeds was the 5th best area in the UK for quality of life in 2013.

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31
Q

In 2010, Leeds was the 4th most deprived local authority in England in terms of what?

A

Leeds was the 4th most deprived local authority in England in terms of income and employment.

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32
Q

Is the spread of wealth in Leeds even or uneven?

A

The spread of wealth is uneven which could hint at social segregation and urban social exclusion.

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33
Q

What do the strategies used to improve the social problems in Leeds focus on?

A

They focus on improving education and skills as well as helping people to find jobs.

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34
Q

What is Leeds climate like?

A

Leeds has a warm and temperate climate.

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35
Q

What is the average July temperature in Leeds?

A

16.1 C

36
Q

What is the average July temperature in Pool in Wharfedale?

A

15.9 C

37
Q

Is Leeds affected by the UHI effect?

A

Yes it is as the suburbs and rural areas tend to be cooler than the CBD.

38
Q

What building has an impact on the climate?

A

Bridgewater Place causes the Venturi effect and has lead to a fatality.

39
Q

What happens to the roads near Bridgewater Place when it is windy?

A

The roads near Bridgewater Place have to be closed to prevent accidents which can be an inconvenience for commuters.

40
Q

In terms of drainage, what is Leeds working towards?

A

Leeds is working towards a sustainable urban drainage system.

41
Q

What 5 things is Leeds focusing on for its sustainable urban drainage system?

A 
Preventative measures
Permeable surfaces
Filter strips and swales
Infiltration devices
Detention techniques
42
Q

What will the preventative measures do?

A

They will reduce the amount of water run off, therefore reducing the demand for mains water.

43
Q

What is meant by permeable surfaces?`

A

These are hard or soft surface treatments that allow water to infiltrate to the underlying subsoil.

44
Q

What are filter strips and swales?

A

These are vegetated landscape features that collect water from impermeable surfaces and allow it to soak into the ground.

45
Q

What are infiltration devices?

A

These are structures that drain water directly into the ground.

46
Q

What is meant by the term “detention technique”?

A

Detention techniques are structures that are designed to hold water when it rains and then release it in a controlled manner to a conventional surface water drainage system.

47
Q

What are examples of detention technique structures?

A

Ponds and wetlands

48
Q

What are the 5 problems with drainage?

A 
Downstream flooding
Overloaded sewage systems
Reduced groundwater recharge
Pollution of water courses
Erosion of water courses
49
Q

How is Leeds trying to make it waste disposal more sustainable?

A

It is using a framework that involves 5 steps.

50
Q

What are 5 steps in the waste disposal framework?

A 
Reduction
Reuse or repair
Recycling
Recovery
Disposal
51
Q

What is the reduction part of the framework?

A

This involves minimising waste generation and use of natural resources.

52
Q

What is meant by reuse or repair?

A

This is reusing of discarded items instead of just binning them.

53
Q

What does the recycling part of the framework involve?

A

This involves the separation of waste materials and making them into new ones.

54
Q

What is recovered in this framework?

A

Energy and materials

55
Q

True or false: disposal is the most desirable option.

A

False, disposal is the least desirable option.

56
Q

How many tonnes of waste did residents of Leeds produce in 2008/9?

A

345,000

57
Q

How much of this waste was sent to landfill in 2008/9?

A

69% of this waste was sent to landfill which is unsustainable.

58
Q

The pollution from what could be a potential threat to Leeds?

A

There is a potential problem with NO2 and particulate levels.

59
Q

What is the main source of NO2 and particulates?

A

Road traffic

60
Q

How many Air Quality Management areas has the council identified?

A

5

61
Q

How many areas have been identified as a concern in regards to air pollution?

A

There are 36 areas of concern.

62
Q

What has Leeds been named a hot spot for?

A

Leeds has been named a hot spot for air pollution deaths.

63
Q

How long is Leeds expected to breach air pollution levels for?

A

Leeds is expected to breach air pollution limits until 2020.

64
Q

What issues do abandoned buildings bring to Leeds?

A

They are unsightly and a big environmental concern.

65
Q

Where are do the derelict areas in Leeds tend to be found?

A

There are several derelict areas in Leeds which tend to be found in areas with poor IMDs.

66
Q

What are the four main objectives to help Leeds to become sustainable?

A

Enhancing sense of place.
Promoting, protecting and enhancing the design quality of these places.
Reducing the ecological footprint.
Enhancing the environmental quality.

67
Q

What else is Leeds also improving in order to become more sustainable?

A

It is trying to improve its drainage and waste disposal systems.

68
Q

What is Leeds’ ecological footprint?

A

Leeds’ ecological footprint is 5.99 gha per capita which is above the sustainable capacity of the planet. This means that the demand on the planets’ natural systems from the population of Leeds, overtakes the planets’ ability to support it, meaning that the Earth’s natural systems are being degraded.

69
Q

What are the main focuses of livability?

A 
Built and natural environments
Economic prosperity
Social stability and fairness
Entertainment and recreation possibilities
Cultural opportunity
Educational opportunity
70
Q

What is an example of commercial land use in Leeds city centre?

A

Trinity Shopping Centre

71
Q

What are two key transport facilities in Leeds?

A

Leeds train station

Leeds bus station

72
Q

What is an example of a residential area in the CBD?

A

Citispace Apartments on Regent Street

73
Q

What is an example of an administrative area in Leeds?

A

46 The Calls

74
Q

Give a recreational space in Leeds.

A

Lovell Park

75
Q

Where do the areas used for industry tend to be?

A

They tend to be in the outskirts of the CBD, towards the suburbs.

76
Q

Give two examples of other public services in Leeds.

A

Leeds Beckett University and St James’s University Hospital

77
Q

What will help Leeds achieve sustainability?

A

Achieving the priority objectives for the Vision for Leeds 2030 will help Leeds become sustainable.

78
Q

What are the priority objectives for Vision for Leeds 2030?

A

Leeds will be fair, opening and welcoming
Leeds’ economy will be prosperous and sustainable
All Leeds’ communities will be successful

79
Q

If Leeds achieves all of the Vision for Leeds 2030 what would the city be?

A

It would be the best city in the UK.

80
Q

Why has the derivation in Leeds city centre increased slightly?

A

This could be due to inflation and changes in employment.

81
Q

Has crime generally increased or decreased?

A

It has decreased, possibly due to increasingly available security devices.

82
Q

It the outskirts of Leeds has the crime rate increased or decreased?

A

It has increased.

83
Q

Why has the deprivation element for health increased?

A

Due to spending cuts.

84
Q

Why is the centre of Leeds the most deprived?

A

Due to a loss of jobs in manufacturing after deindustrialisation.

85
Q

Why has the IMD rank for housing improved?

A

Help to buy schemes
Affordable homes
Construction of larger houses.

86
Q

Why has deprivation in the CBD increased?

A

This could be because of the increase of chain stores which force small local businesses out of business.

Contemporary Urban Environments (24 decks)

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