stomas Flashcards

1
Q

what is a stoma?

A

surgically created openings between a hallow organ and body surface, as either a temporary or permenant measure

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2
Q

indications for a stoma?

A

o Anastomosis not safe or possible.

o Proximal diversion to protect anastomosis or divert bowel contents away from diseased bowel.

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3
Q

where is an iliostomy found?

A

usually found in RIF

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4
Q

why are iliostomies spouted?

A

to reduce skin irritation

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5
Q

what is the output like from an ileostomy?

A

green in colour and a porridge consistency

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6
Q

why do you get dehydration with an ileostomy ?

A

fluid loss is three times greater than from anus

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7
Q

what are the two types of ileostomy?

A

End: single sprout
Loop: double sprout

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8
Q

what ileostomy do you get in IBD?

A

single sprout

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9
Q

where do you usually get a colostomy?

A

usually in LIF

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10
Q

how does a colostomy sit on the skin?

A

flush to the skin

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11
Q

what is output of a colostomy like in terms of volume and consistency of a ileostomy?

A

output is brownish colour and not too dissimilar to per anal faeces. output is much lower than ileostomies

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12
Q

what is a gastrostomy?

A

o Used in patients who have a functioning gut but unable to take food orally due to the likes of upper GI malignancy or neurological conditions.
o Usually located in left upper quadrant.

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13
Q

• Urostomy

A

o Follows resection of the bladder due to bladder cancer.

o Ureters are connected to a segment of ileum and a conduit is created.

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14
Q

complications of a stoma?

A

leakage, ischaemia, prolapse, retraction, parastomal hernnia, obstruction

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15
Q

most common problems in ileostomies?

A

skin irritation
increased risk of renal stones
dehydration due to high output
nutrient deficiencies such as B12

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16
Q

what would you look at in examination of a stoma?

A
size 
location 
number of sprouts 
contents of the bag 
any obvious complications (prolapse, retraction, hernia) 
LOOK AT PERINEUM (anal canal closed?)