pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

severity score for pancreatitis?

A

glasgow

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2
Q

why do you get low calcium in pancreatitis?

A

pancreas starts to digest itself - digestion of fats causes low calcium

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3
Q

level of amylase is how many times upper limit of normal in pancreatitis>

A

3 time

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4
Q

acute management of pancreatitis

A

oxygen, analgesia, antibiotics, anti emetic, electrolytes (calcium and magnesium)

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5
Q

prolonged inflammation of the pancreas resulting in progressive and irreversible damage, with loss of both the exocrine and endocrine functions of the gland

A

chronic pancreatitis

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6
Q

management of chronic pancreatitis

A

lifestyle - smoking and alcohol
enzyme replacement - creol
surgery

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7
Q

non specific tumour marker that rises in pancreatic cancer?

A

CA19

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8
Q

which cancer accounts for 95% of pancreatic cancer?

A

adenocarcinoma

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9
Q

types of neuroendocrine cancers/

A

gastrinoma
insulinoma
glucagonoma

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10
Q

how do they present?

A

usually present late and metastasise early

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11
Q

why do you get an obstructive picture on lFT?

A

cancer of head of pancreas obstructs bile duct

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12
Q

investigations for pancreatic cancer?

A

US
CT
MRI

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13
Q

what will images show/

A

mass plus dilated bile duct

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14
Q

whipples

A

remaining pancreas attached to small intestine

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15
Q

when would you do a biliary bypass

A

palliative

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16
Q

two main types of gallstones

A

cholesterol

pigment

17
Q

risk factors

A
female 
fat 
forty
fair (white) 
fertile
18
Q

management of ascending cholangitis

A

AMG

19
Q

what is the procedure you get to remove colon, rectum and anal canal with stitching up of anal orifice?

A

panproctocolectomy (done in IBD)

20
Q

what is a double sprout used for?

A

protect anastamoses and divert bowel content away from diseased tissue

21
Q

colostomy - where usually found?

A

usually in LIF

22
Q

output of colostomy?

A

brownish in colour - not too disimilar to per anal

23
Q

Created in abdomino-perineal resection for rectal tumours and Hartmans procedure

A

end colostomy

24
Q

what is hart mans

A

rectosigmoidectomy

25
Q

whats a peg tube?

A

gastrostomy

26
Q

scurvy is what deficiency.

A

vitamin c

27
Q

management of scurvy?

A

dietary advice and ascorbic acid