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Digestive > Stomach > Flashcards

Stomach Flashcards

Gardener

1
Q

What is Troisier’s Sign

A

Enlargement of left supraclavicular Lymph node due to secondary involvement seen in malignancies of GIT, Breast and Testis

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2
Q

Another name for Troisier;s Sign is Virchow’s Node. True or False?

A

True

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3
Q

Location of Virchow’s Node

A

Left Supraclavicular palpable lymph node
Behind the medial end of the left clavicle

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4
Q

Location of the stomach

A

Situated in the upper part of the abdomen extending from left hypochondriac region into the epigastric and umbilical regions

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5
Q

Name the 2 openings of the stomach

A

Cardiac and Pyloric orifices

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6
Q

Liquid content capacity of the stomach

A

Mean capacity at birth - +/- 30ml
Puberty 1000ml
Adult 1500ml

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7
Q

What does the Fundus usually contain

A

Gas

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8
Q

Where does the body of the stomach extend from

A

Level of Cardiac orifice to the Incisura Angularis (Angular Notch)

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9
Q

Name the most tubular portion of the stomach and its function

A

Pylorus-
It’s thick circular muscle layer forms the pyloric sphincter; governs the passage of food out of the stomach and into the intestines

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10
Q

Anatomical location of the Cardiac Orifice

A

2.5cm to the left of the median plane
At the level of the 11th thoracic vertebrae
Behind the the 7th costal cartilage
4cm from upper incisors

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11
Q

Anatomical location of the Pyloric Orifice

A

1.5cm to the right of the median plane
Near the lower border of the 1st lumbar verterbra
At the Transpyloric plane of Addison

Can be identified in surgery by the pre-pyloric vein of Mayo

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12
Q

Name the 2 parts of the lesser omentum and the vessels that run in between its 2 layers

A

Hepatogastric and Hepatoduodenal

Gastric vessels

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13
Q

Where does the gastroepiplic vessels course through

A

Greater Omentum

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14
Q

Where is the highest point of the fundus

A

5th intercostal space
Just below the nipple of the non-pendulous breast

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15
Q

Name the 3 layers that the muscle wall comprises of :

A

Outer-most longitudinal
Middle-circular
Inner-oblique

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16
Q

The lesser curvature is a deep groove known as the MAGEN STRASSE (main highway). True or False?

A

True

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17
Q

Where is the Arterovenous Shunt located and state its purpose

A

AV shunt of Haller is located in the submucosa.
When the stomach is not distended and blood supply to the mucosa is limited, a significant portion of oxygenated blood is shunted through this anastomosis

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18
Q

List the anterior relations of the stomach

A

Anterior Abdominal Wall
Left costal margin
Left pleura and left lung
Left pleura and left lung
Diaphragm
Left lobe of Liver

19
Q

List the posterior relations of the stomach

A

Lesser sac (Bursa omentalis)
Anterior surface of the pancreas
Transverse colon
Transverse mesocolon
Spleen
Left suprarenal gland
Upper part of the left kidney
Splenic artery
Diaphragm

20
Q

The Coeliac axis which is a branch of the abdominal aorta gives off 3 branches; name them:

A

Splenic Artery
Common Hepatic Artery
Left Gastric Artery

21
Q

Which artery supplies the upper part of the lesser curvature, supplies the region of the cardiac and anastomoses with the R gastric

A

Left gastric artery

22
Q

Which artery supplies blood to the lower third of the oesophagus

A

Left gastric artery

23
Q

Arterial supply to the fundus is

A

Short gastrics which is a branch of the splenic artery

24
Q

Which veins drain directly into the hepatic portal vein along the lesser curvature

A

Left and right gastric veins

25
Q

Which veins drain into the splenic vein along the greater curvature

A

Short gastrics and the Left gastroploic vein

26
Q

What vein does the right gastroepiploic drain into

A

Superior mesenteric vein

27
Q

Which 2 veins will join posterior to the neck of the pancreas to form the Hepatic Portal Vein

A

Splenic Vein + Superior Mesenteric Vein

28
Q
A
29
Q

Which ligament is considered the free edge of the lesser omentum

A

Hepatoduodenal

30
Q

Define Haematemisis and its cause

A

It is the vomiting of blood rupture of varicose oesophageal veins

31
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of the stomach

A

Coming from Vagus nerve; The right ad left vagi pass through the diaphragm continuing as Posterior and Anterior gastric nerves of Latarjet

32
Q

What degree does the stomach rotate during development

A

90 degrees

33
Q

Pylorus parasympathetic innervation

A

Pylorus branch coming from the hepatic branch anterior (left CN X ) gastric nerve

34
Q

What is the effect of increased sympathetic activity in the stomach

A

Inhibiting motility and secretion; important in vasomotor control

35
Q

What is the effect of increased parasympathetic activity in the stomach

A

increased motility- emptying mechanism

36
Q

Fundus lies above the level of the oesophageal opening. T/F

A

T – the fundus lies above the oesophageal opening.

37
Q

Body extends inferiorly to the angular notch. T/F

A

T – the body extends from the fundus to the angular notch, the lowest point of the lesser curvature.

38
Q

Right border is known as its greater curvature T/F

A

F – the greater curvature is the left border extending from the left of the oesophagus around the fundus and body to the pylorus.

39
Q

Cardiac orifice is closely related to the aorta T/F

A

F – the cardiac orifice and the oesophagus lie between the diaphragm and the liver and are separated from the aorta by fibres from the right crus of the diaphragm

40
Q

Is supplied by arteries arising from the splenic artery. T/F

A

T- the short gastric vessels, supplying the fundus and the left gastroepiploic, supplying most of the greater curvature, arise from the splenic

41
Q

Is supplied by arteries which arise from branches of the coeliac trunk. T/F

A

T – the left and right gastric, left and right gastroepiploic and the short gastric arteries each arise from branches of the coeliac trunk or the trunk itself.

42
Q

Has a venous drainage passing equally to the portal and systemic venous systems. T/F

A

F – all blood from the stomach normally passes to the portal vein. There are anastamoses with oesophageal veins however.

43
Q

Is lined by columnar and squamous epithelium. T/F

A

F – it is lined completely by columnar epithelium and contains three different types of glands: cardiac, gastric and pyloric.

Digestive (16 decks)

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