Abdominal wall Flashcards
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Which fascia inferiorly blends with the fascia lata of the thigh a fingers breadth below the inguinal ligament
Scarpa’s Fascia
What is the name given to the scarpa’s fascia after it continues into the perineum
Colle’s Fascia
What structures are the Colle’s Fascia attached to?
Ischio Pubic Ramus and posterior end of the Urogenital diaphragm
When Scarpa’s fascia attaches to the midline of linea alba what does it give rise to:
Mid Line Groove
Origin of the External Oblique Muscle
Eight fleshy slips from the outer surface of the lower eight ribs
Insertion of the External Oblique Muscle
external lip of the anterior two-thirds of the iliac crest and by way of the iguinal ligament to the ASIS and pubic tubercle. Also inserts via its aponeurosis to the linea alba.
What is the nerve supply of the External oblique muscle
Lower 6 intercostal nerves
What is the Linea Semilunaris
Groove which occurs at the lateral border of the resctus abdominis
Which 3 muscles meet at the linea semilunaris
Internal oblique
external oblique
Transversus abdominis
What is the Linea semicircularis
Lower free crescentric border of the rectus sheath
The linea alba extends from where to where
From the xiphoid process to the pubic symphisis
Linea alba is considered as avascular; True or False
True
Origin of the Internal Oblique Muscle
Lateral 2/3 of the iguinal ligament
Anterior 2/3 of the intermediate area of the iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion of the internal oblique muscle
via conjoint tendon into the pubic crest and pectineal line, lower 6 ribs and linea alba
Innervation for the internal oblique muscle
Lower 6 thoracic nerves and L1
What is the Shutter Mechanism of the Inguinal Canal
When the arcuate fibers of the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscle contract, they straighten out and move closer to the inguinal ligament (shutter mechanism at the inguinal canal).
This closes the canal preventing hernias
Hernia?
A hernia occurs when an internal part of the body pushes through a weakness in the muscle or surrounding tissue wall.
Origin of Transversus Abdominis Muscle
Lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament
Anterior 2/3 of inner lip of iliac crest
Thoraco lumbar fascia
Inner aspect of lower 6 ribs
Insertion of Transversus Abdominis Muscle
Xiphoid process
Linea alba
Pubic crest
Pectineal line of pubis
Nerve supply of Transversus Abdominis Muscle
Lower 6 intercostal nerves and L1
Origin of the Rectus Abdominis muscle
Lateral head from the lateral part of the pubic crest
Medial head from the anterior pubic ligament
insertion of the Rectus Abdominis
Anterior surface of costal cartilages 5,6 and 7
Xiphoid process
Nerve supply of Rectus abdominis
Lower 6 thoracic nerves
Origin of Pyramidalis muscle
Anterior surface of the body of the pubis
Anterior pubic ligament
Insertion of Pyramidalis muscle
Into the linea alba
Function of pyramidalis muscle
TO tense the linea alba
Nerve supply of pyramidalis muscle
Subcostal T1
What supplies the skin, muscles and parietal peritoneum of the Anterior Abdominal wall
Anterior rami of the lower 6 thoracic nerves and L1
Which nerves emerges through the superficial inguinal ring and supplies the skin at the root of the penis and anterior part of scrotum
Ilioinguinal nerve
Which dermatome is at the navel
T10
What is Herpes Zoster Opthalmicus
is a viral infection of the nerve that supplies sensation (touch and pain) to the eye surface, eyelids, skin of the forehead and nose (trigeminal nerve)
Which dermatome supplies the skin over the xiphisternum
T7
Which dermatome supplies the skin of the mons pubis
L1
Which artery passes through the space of Larry in the diaphragm
Superior epigastric
This area is the site of a direct hernia
Hesselbach’s Triangle
Where does the veins in the falciform ligaments drain to
Left branch of the hepatic portal vein
When does Caput Medusae arise
In the case of portal hypertension superficial veins become varicose
Where does lymph drains above the umbilicus
It drains to the axillary nodes specifically to the pectoral group
What is the umbilicus regarded as when it comes on to drainage
Watershed line
Umbilicus lymphatics drain into:
the medial group of the superficial inguinal nodes
Why would cancer in the umbilicus be secondary to a malignancy in the liver
This is because lymph vessels within the falciform ligaments form communication between the skin of the umbilicus and the liver
What forms the lateral umbilical fold
Underlying the inferior epigastric vessels
What forms the medial umbilical fold
underlying obliterated umbilical arteries
