STIs Flashcards
How is chlamydia passed on?
Through infected secretions - mucous membranes coming into contact with the secretions of an infected person
Is chlamydia more common in males or females
Females
How common are symptoms in chlamydia
Not common. Often asymptomatic
Why are beta lactams not effective for chlamydia
Has no peptidoglycan wall
Treatment for chlamydia?
Doxycycline 100mg for 7 days or azithromycin 1g stat
Which 2 STIs are difficult to differentiate between?
Chlamydia and gonorrhoea
Is gonorrhoea more common in women or men
Men
Why is treatment in rural areas different to metro for gonorrhoea?
Because rural areas have the strain that has lower rates of resistance to penicillins, so amoxicillin can be used
Metro treatment for gonorrhoea?
Ceftriaxone injection with lidocaine
When should you get re-tested for chlamydia or gonorrhoea?
After 3 months
First signs of syphilis?
Papules at site of contact - develops within 10-90 days of exposure
Then heals spontaneously
Define congenital syphilis
Passed from mother to baby - causes failure to thrive and mental retardation in baby
Which STI still has good sensitivity to penicillins, so benzylpenicillin is the most common tx option?
Syphillis
Bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas vaginalis can both be treated with either a stat dose or daily dose for 7 days of which antibiotic?
Metronidazole.
Stat dose has better adherence but poorer efficacy
Which vaginal infection is an STI: vulvovaginal candidiasis or trichomonas vaginalis
Trichomonas vaginalis
Which is more likely to be associated with a rise in vaginal pH: bacterial or fungal infection?
Bacteria
Compare the Sx of a bacteria vs fungal vaginal infection
Bacterial = smelly discharge, rise in pH, but no redness Fungal = white discharge, red, itchy, no pH change, pain on intercourse
Bacterial vaginosis Tx?
Metronidazole or clindamycin
Vulvovaginal candidiasis Tx?
Nystatin or miconazole or fluconazole (a triazole)
All are fungistatic
Tx for chronic / recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis?
Boric acid - compounded
Sx of trichomonas vaginalis?
Discomfort, yellow frothy discharge, increased pH, itchy
Men often have less Sx - just Penile irritation and burning post urination
Trichomonas vaginalis increases susceptibility to HIV. Which kind of infection is this?
An STI - a protozoal parasite
Which vaginal infection will have normal pH?
Candida
Taking the OCP, HRT or other oestrogen compounds can increase susceptibility to which vaginal infection?
Candida
