Stimulus Control part 1

Question 1

Stimulus Control occurs when

Answer 1

• the rate, latency, duration, or amplitude of a response is altered

(in the presence of an antecedent stimulus)

Question 2

Stimulus Control is acquired when

Answer 2

• responses are reinforced only in the presence of a specific stimulus (SD)

(not in the presence of other stimuli (S delta) )

Question 3

Stimulus Control and Motivating Operations…

Answer 3

• both events occur before the behavior of interest
• both events have evocative functions

(similarities)

Question 4

Stimulus Generalization

Answer 4

occurs when stimuli that share similar physical characteristics with the controlling stimulus evoke the same behavior as the controlling stimulus

Question 5

Stimulus Discrimination

Answer 5

occurs when new stimuli that are similar to the controlling stimulus do not evoke the same response as the controlling stimulus

Question 6

Stimulus Discrimination Training

Answer 6

• requires one behavior
• two antecedent stimulus conditions (SD and S delta)

Question 7

Types of Stimulus Control

Answer 7

• feature stimulus class
• arbitrary stimulus class

Question 8

Feature Stimulus Class

Answer 8

• stimuli share common physical forms
• stimuli share common relative relationship
• developed through stimulus generalization

Question 9

Arbitrary Stimulus Class

Answer 9

• do not share common stimuli features
• limited number of stimuli
• developed using stimulus equivalence

Question 10

Stimulus Equivalence

Answer 10

the emergence of accurate responding to untrained and nonreinforced stimulus-stimulus relations following reinforcement of responses to some stimulus- stimulus relations

(useful for teaching complex verbal relations- reading, language arts, mathematics)

Question 11

Testing for Stimulus Equivalence

Answer 11

must have a positive demonstration on 3 different behavioral tests that represent the following mathematical statement

(if A=B and B=C then A=C)

Question 12

Reflexivity

Answer 12

occurs when in the absence of training and reinforcement, a participant selects a stimulus that is matched to itself (A=A)

(tests for stimulus equivalence)

Question 13

Symmetry

Answer 13

occurs with reversibility of the sample stimulus and the comparison stimulus (if A=B then B=A)

(tests for stimulus equivalence)

Question 14

Transivity

Answer 14

requires demonstration of three untrained stimulus-stimulus sequences (A=B relation –> B=C relation –> A=C relation)

(tests for stimulus equivalence)

Question 15

Factors Affecting Stimulus Control

Answer 15

• consistent use of reinforcers contingent upon correct responding in the presence of the SD is critical

Also important:
- pre-attending
- stimulus salience
- masking and overshadowing

Question 16

Pre-attending

Answer 16

a prerequisite skill for stimulus control

• these may need to be taught before stimulus control procedures are implemented

Question 17

Stimulus Salience

Answer 17

• prominence of the stimulus in the environment
• increased saliency facilitates efficiency of instruction

Question 18

Using Prompts

Answer 18

Supplementary antecedent stimuli used to occasion a correct response in the presence of an SD(will eventually control behavior)

Question 19

Prompts (least-to-most)

Answer 19

• verbal
• modeling
• physical

Question 20

Prompts (most-to-least)

Answer 20

• physical
• modeling
• verbal
• natural

Question 21

Stimulus Prompts

Answer 21

• movement cues (pointing, tapping, touching)
• position cues (place one stimulus closer to the learner)
• redundance (stimulus or response dimensions are paired with correct choice)

Question 22

Transfer of Stimulus Control

Answer 22

• prompts should be used only during acquisition
• transfer stimulus control from prompt to naturally-existing stimuli quickly using fading

Question 23

Time Delay

Answer 23

varying the time interval between presentation of a natural stimulus and the presentation of a response prompt

• constant ( fixed delay)
• progressive (gradually increase delay according to some rule)

Question 24

Stimulus Fading

Answer 24

highlighting a physical dimension of a stimulus and then gradually fading that exaggerated dimension

• superimposing one stimulus on top of another and gradually fading it out

Question 25

Stimulus Shape Transformations

Answer 25

use of initial stimulus shape that will prompt a correct response

(shape is gradually changed to form the natural stimulus while maintaining correct responding)