Stimulus Control of Behavior

Question 1

what was the study with a compound stimulus

Answer 1

pigeons trained to peck white triangle in red cricle, then tested stimulus separately
different responding

Question 2

what is stimulus discrimination

Answer 2

treating each stimulus as different from the other

Question 3

what is the opposite of stimulus generalization

Answer 3

stimulus discrimination

Question 4

how did they show a stimulus generalization gradient

Answer 4

pigeons peck for 580 and similar light when trained for food

Question 5

how does stimulus control bhv

Answer 5

by provoking it

Question 6

what does a steep generalization gradient mean for the control of bhv by the stimulus, what about a large

Answer 6

strong control of bhv
large = no discrimination, weak control

Question 7

what are some examples of what can be discriminated in a stimulus

Answer 7

shape, colour, intensity

Question 8

what does a test of stimulus discrimination measure

Answer 8

sensory capacity, if stimulus can be detected

Question 9

what is an example of stimulus discrimination test

Answer 9

horses only see some colour, reward for colour over gray: chose blue and yellow meaning those are the colours they can see

Question 10

what is overshadowing

Answer 10

competition among stimuli for learning process
more salient (intense, noticeable) stimuli will recruit most of the learning strength

Question 11

who first demonstrated overshadowing and how

Answer 11

pavlov, weak stimulus = limited conditioning if presented with a more intense stimulus

Question 12

why does the type of reinforcement matter when wanting stimulus control

Answer 12

belongingness: some stimuli naturally belong to a conditionning. evolutionary importance
visual: appetitive outcomes
auditory: aversive outcomes

Question 13

what is pavlovs theory on why we have stimulus generalization

Answer 13

we transfer properties of a CS to another based on their similarity: transfer of learning
ex: white rat looks like white beard

Question 14

what is Lashleys theory on why we have stimulus generalization

Answer 14

reflects the absence of learning and to discriminate stimuli, not the transfer
ex: havent learnt about beards yet, so scared of beards

Question 15

according to the absence of learning arugment, the shape of the generalization gradient is determined by

Answer 15

previous learning, rather than shared physical properties of stimuli

Question 16

according to the absence of learning arugment, when is generalization diminished

Answer 16

when learn more about the similar stimulus
ex: have beard without noise, will learn that it is different

Question 17

how is the absence of learning supported

Answer 17

discrimination training procedures
CS+ repeatedly paired with UCS, adn CS- presented in its absence
initially: generalization of CS from CS+ to CS-, but then differentiation as they learn to recognize the differences btw the CS

Question 18

when does a stimulus becom a discriminative stimulus

Answer 18

when it gained control over bhv

Question 19

T.F. the more different the discriminative stimuli are, the better the discrimination leaned

Answer 19

false, the more similar

Question 20

where can disciminative training be used in real life

Answer 20

drug self-administration, its usually intermittent, alternating btw drug-taking periods (DS+) and where its impossible to comsume (DS-)
its hard to reduce drug-seeking drive (DS+), but could attenuate it with DS- and its inhibitory value

Question 21

what is an example of discrimination training for drugs

Answer 21

animals learn to press for drugs when tone and to not when tone+light

Question 22

what are contextual cues compared to discrete stimuli

Answer 22

have distinct features, but not as actively monitored or noticed , not presented for a brief period of time, no clear beginning/end

Question 23

how are contextual cues studied

Answer 23

conditioned place preferance: amount of time spent in a room previously paired with reward

Question 24

how does conditioned place preference work

Answer 24

pre-expose in one room, with reward
pre-expose other with placebo
test day, animal chooses to spend more time in one place

Question 25

T.F. sexual conditioning can also count as contextual cues

Answer 25

T. brings CPP, least prefered compartment favoured after paired with sexual partner

Question 26

what is a good way to test screen pharmaceutical drugs and screened for what

Answer 26

screen for abuse potential or aversive properties (bad side effects)
conditioned place aversion/preference

Question 27

what drugs have been tested with CPP

Answer 27

LiCl is aversive
Cocaine is rewarding
Narcan nathrexone reduce an opiate CPP