Stimulus Control

Question 1

What do reinforcers and punishments lack and what can we look at to resolve this?

Answer 1

The whole picture of explaining behaviour
Look at antecedents

Question 2

What are the different types of antecedents

Answer 2

Covert and Overt, Immediate and Distal

Question 3

What is stimulus control?

Answer 3

Behaviour is thought to be under stimulus control when there is an increased probability that the behaviour will occur in the presence of a specific antecedent stimulus

Question 4

What is a discriminative stimulus? (SD)

Answer 4

The antecedent stimulus that is present when a behaviour is reinforced. The stimulus to signals the availability of reinforcers

Question 5

What is a Stimulus Delta?

Answer 5

Simulus in the presence of a behaviour that is not reinforced

Question 6

Why is stimulus control important for daily life?

Answer 6

Teaches us what behaviours will work depending on the context/circumstances in which they occur

Question 7

How was stimulus control used in the army to teach morse code

Answer 7

Recruit would hear a morse code and have to write down the answer
Immediately a voice would give the correct answer and the recruit could check answer = Reinforcer
SD = hearing morse code
SDelta = hearing it but not answer given

Question 8

How was discrimination training used on two children with autism?

Answer 8

Asked children to point to coins when asked.
Reinforced if correct, not reinforced if incorrect

Question 9

What are four key points about stimulus control

Answer 9

The person responds to SD promptly every time it is given
You don’t get the behaviour in absence of the SD
You don’t see the behaviour in response to other SDs
You don’t get some other behaviour in response to SD

Question 10

What can be done if the behaviour doesn’t occur after an SD?

Answer 10

Prompt

Question 11

What are prompts

Answer 11

Supplementary stimuli given before or during the performance of behaviour, that increases the likelihood of the person performing the correct behaviour at the correct time

Question 12

What are the types of prompts?

Answer 12

Response and stimulus

Question 13

What are examples of response prompts?

Answer 13

Verbal prompts, modelling, physical guidance, gestural prompts

Question 14

What are examples of stimulus prompts

Answer 14

Movement, redundancy, position

Question 15

What are response prompts?

Answer 15

Provide and addition/supplementary to the SD

Question 16

What are stimulus prompts?

Answer 16

SD is modified

Question 17

What else can you change other than the SD to make it more salient

Answer 17

The S delta

Question 18

What is prompt fading? What does it do?

Answer 18

Starting to remove the prompt so the individual doesn’t rely on it
Allows stimulus control to transfer back to the SD

Question 19

What are the 3 techniques for fading?

Answer 19

Most-to-Least
Least-to-Most
Time delay

Question 20

What is Most-to-Least prompt fading? How can it be done?

Answer 20

Decreasing assistance
Can be done by changing the prompt (physical to voice to none) or decreasing the intensity (hand guiding to touching to none)

Question 21

What is Least-to-Most prompt fading

Answer 21

Only providing assistance when absolutely necessary. If fail to do behaviour then increase prompt

Question 22

What is Time Delay as a prompt fading technique

Answer 22

Time difference between SD and prompt
Two types; Constant and progressive